Chapter 19: The Heart

Question 1

Four Corners of the Heart

Answer 1

superior right portion, superior left portion, inferior right portion, and inferior left portion

Question 2

pericardium layers

Answer 2

fibrous and serous pericardium

Question 3

fibrous pericardium

Answer 3

strong layer of dense connective tissue

Question 4

serous percardium

Answer 4

parietal layer and visceral layer(epicardium)

Question 5

myocardium

Answer 5

cardiac muscle arranged in circular and spiral patterns

Question 6

endocardium

Answer 6

endothelium on a layer of connective tissue; lines the internal walls of the heart and is part of heart valves

Question 7

four chambers

Answer 7

right and left atria superiorly and right and left ventricles inferiorly

Question 8

coronary sulcus

Answer 8

groove that circles the boundary between the atria and ventricles

Question 9

interventricular septum

Answer 9

wall separating the ventricles

Question 10

right atrium

Answer 10

receives oxygen poor blood from systemic circuit via 3 veins (superior vena cava, inferior vena cava & coronary sinus)

Question 11

pectinate muscles

Answer 11

ridges inside anterior of right atrium

Question 12

right ventricel

Answer 12

receives blood from right atrium through the tricupside valve

Question 13

pulmonary trunk

Answer 13

where blood is pumped into the pulmonary circuit

Question 14

internal walls of right ventricle

Answer 14

papillary muscles and chordae tendineae

Question 15

left atrium

Answer 15

receives oxygen-rich blood from pulmonary veins

Question 16

mitral valve

Answer 16

left atrioventricular valve

Question 17

left ventricle

Answer 17

forms apex of the heart; pumps blood through systemic circuit

Question 18

internal walls of left ventricle

Answer 18

papillary muscles and chordae tendineae

Question 19

aortic semilunar valve

Answer 19

allows blood into systemic circuit

Question 20

atrioventricular and semilunar valves

Answer 20

enforce one-way flow of blood through the heart from the atria to the ventricles to the great arteries that leave the superior portion of the heart

Question 21

atrioventricular valves

Answer 21

located between atria and ventricles; right-tricuspid and left-bicuspid(mitral valve)

Question 22

aortic and pulmonary valves

Answer 22

located at the junctions o ventricles and great arteries

Question 23

cardiac skeleton

Answer 23

lies between atria and ventricles; surrounds four heart valves; composed of dense connective tissue

Question 24

functions of cardiac skeleton

Answer 24

anchors valve cusps; prevents overdilation of valve openings; provides attachment for cardiac muscle; and blocks direct spread of electrical impulses

Question 25

lub

Answer 25

the AV valves closing (atria contract together)

Question 26

dup

Answer 26

the semilunar valves closing (ventricles contract together)

Question 27

heart corner

Answer 27

where each valve sound is best heard near

Question 28

pulmonary circuit

Answer 28

to and from lungs

Question 29

systemic circuit

Answer 29

to and from body tissues

Question 30

atria

Answer 30

receive blood each circuit

Question 31

ventricles

Answer 31

strongest pumping chambers of the heart