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CHAPTER 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the benefit of networking ?

A
  • Device can be shared ( Reduce cost )
  • User can share file data
  • Data can be backed up centrally
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2
Q

Drawback of networking

A
  • Cabling can be expensive initial outlay
  • Managing a large network is difficult
  • Break down of device such as file server , effect the whole network
  • Malware and hacking can affect entire network
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3
Q

What is computer network

A
  • An interconnection
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4
Q

Component of networking

A
  • Device
  • Medium
  • Rules
  • Message
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5
Q

Type of network

A
  • Private
  • Public
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6
Q

Private Network

A
  • Own by a single company
  • Required user id and password
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7
Q

Public Network

A
  • Own by a communication carrier company such as TM
  • No specific password
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8
Q

Network Architecture

A
  • Refer to ways devices is connected
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9
Q

What is node ?

A
  • Any device connected to network
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10
Q

Function of host

A
  • Client , request
  • Server , provide
  • Peer , both
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11
Q

Types of network

A
  • LAN
  • WLAN
  • WAN
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12
Q

What is LAN ?

A
  • A group of computer
  • Connected in such limited area
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13
Q

LAN

A
  • Private network
  • Cover small geographic area
  • Use cable or wireless
  • Consist hub/switch
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14
Q

WLAN

A
  • Use radio signal ( WiFi )
  • More convenient
  • Difficult to make secure
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15
Q

WAN

A
  • Network that extend over large area
  • Create by joining LANs
  • Geographically spread over large area
  • Use tech : Optic Fibre
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16
Q

What is server ?

A
  • Computer program running to serve client
  • Provide data
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17
Q

What is client ?

A
  • Application that access server
  • Send request
  • Receive respond
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18
Q

Client-Server Model

A

-A server host run server program that share resource
- Client dont share , but request

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19
Q

Type of Server

A
  • File server
  • Application Server
  • Print Server
  • Proxy Server
  • Web Server
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20
Q

Peer to Peer Model

A
  • Point to point
  • Direct link
  • Faster and more reliable
  • Only small area
  • No central server
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21
Q

Thin Client

A
  • Remote connection with server
  • Server does most work
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22
Q

How thin client works ?

A
  • Cant stand alone , required server
  • Need mouse , keyboard , etc
  • Required setting on server
  • Smart Classroom
  • Not suitable for personal use
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23
Q

Thick Client

A
  • Not required server (Server work minimal )
  • Done work mostly Independently
  • Have OS and Software that can be used offline
  • Also known as “Fat client”
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24
Q

Advantages of Thick Client

A
  • Can be used offline
  • Increase flxibility
  • Higher capacity
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25
Thin Vs Thick
- Rely on connection (Always/Some) - Local recourses ( No/Yes ) - Network Speed ( Rely/Tolerant ) - Where data stored ( Server/local )
26
Drawback of Thick client
- Less secure - Each client need to update data manually - Data integrity issue
27
Drawback of Thin client-
- High rely on server - Start up cost higher
28
What is network topology ?
- Layout pattern of interconnection between computers in a network
29
Requirements for a data communication
- Sender - Receiver - Transmission medium - Message - Protocol
30
Type of Topology
- Bus - Star - Mesh - Hybrid
31
Bus Topology
- All devices connected with single central cable ( One Direction ) - Terminator at both end - Easy to expand - Peer to peer
32
Advantages of Bus Topology
- If one node fail , other remain function - Easier to increase size of network
33
Drawback of Bus Topology
- If main cable fail , whole network down - Performance low when heavy load - Network isnt secure
34
Star Topology
- All node connected to central hub - Each nodes has its own dedicated connection to central hub - Client-Server
35
Advantages of Star Topology
- Data collision is reduce - More secure - Easy to improve ( Upgrade Switch ) - Packet only travel to correct address - If one connection broken , Wont effect others
36
Drawback of Star Topology
- Initial installation cost are high - If central hub fails , whole network goes down
37
Mesh Topology
- Every node point to point - Multiple routes between devices - Computer can act as relay
38
Advantages of Mesh Topology
- Can handle high volume traffic - High security as data travel along dedicated connection
39
Drawback of Mesh Topology
- Requires a lot of cable ( expensive )
40
Hybrid Topology
- Combination of two or more different topology - Can be wired/Wireless
41
Cloud Storage
- method of data storage where data is stored on off-site server - Manage by hosting companies
42
Public cloud
- Delivered via the internet and shared across multiple users.
43
Private cloud
- Dedicated to your organization or company
44
Hybrid Cloud
- Any environment that use both public and private cloud
45
Advantages of Cloud computing
- Access any time - No external devices - Provide remote back-up - Offer almost unlimited storage -
46
Drawback of Cloud computing
- Problem accessing if unstable internet - Cost can be high if large storage is needed
47
Factor to consider for cable
- Cost - Bandwidth - Performance - Interference
48
Copper Cable
- Use electric signal
49
Type of copper cable
- Coaxial - UTP - STP
50
Copper Cable Drawback
- degenerate over long distance
51
Twisted Pair Cable
- Contain 8 wire that wound together ( reduce interference ) - UTP & STP
52
UTP
- No copper shielding around
53
STP
- Has copper shielding around
54
Advantages of Twisted Pair Cable
- Cheaper than fiber optic - Can still work if there's power loss
55
Fiber Optic
- Technology that use glass and light to transmit data - Transfer data using light wave
56
Advantages of Fiber optic
- Thinner - Less interference - Less chance of degeneration
57
Drawback of Fiber optic
- Expensive - More fragile
58
Wireless communication
- Use radio wave
59
Benefit of wireless communication
- Less interference
60
Drawback of wireless communication
- Low frequency , Thus cant transfer much data
61
Network Interface Card ( NIC )
- To connect to a network - Most modem has it built into motherboard - Can be wired or wireless - Contain MAC Address
62
Hub
- A device that connect computer together to make a LAN - A 'dumb' device
63
Switch
- Same like hub - A 'Intelligent' device - More secure
64
Router
- A device that connect two or more networks - Join together various different network and make up the internet - Transmit internet and protocols - Allow private network to be connected - Use IP Address to receive or forward packet
65
Router Function
- Restricted broadcast to LAN - Act as default gateway - Can move data between network - Can calculate the best routes
66
Repeater
- Electronic device that receive signal and retransmit it - Extend transmission - Cover longer distance
67
Bridge
- Connect LAN and LAN
68
WNIC
- Same as ordinary NIC - Use antenna - micro waves
69
Ethenet
- Protocol used by many wired LANs - For data transmission over wired connection - Use CSMA/CD - Data is transmitted in frames - Each frame has IP Address - And error checking data
70
What is network using ethernet made up of ?
- Node - Medium - Frame
71
Collision
- Ethernet support broadcast - The risk of two data sent together in a same channel lead to collision - CSMA/CD was developed
72
How CSMA/CD Work ?
- When collision detected - Node stop transmitting frame - Sent jammed signal - Warn all end-station - Wait for some time interval - resend frame
73
What is internet
- Interconnected network
74
World Wide Web ( WWW )
- Collection of multimedia web which stored in website
75
Hardware and software to support Internet
- Device - Telephone line - Router & Modem - Internet service provider ( ISP ) - A web browser
76
Public switch telephone network
- Connect device and LAN between town and cities - Uses satellite technology to connect between country
77
Pros of Bit streaming
- No need to fully download before watching - No need store large file - No any special hardware needed - afford piracy protection
78
Cons of bit streaming
- Cant stream if connection lost - use lot of bandwidth - there will be long buffering if slow connection -
79
Example of bit streaming
- Video On demand ( Netflix ) - Live streaming or real time ( Football match ) -
80
Video on demand
- High quality - Play on computer or phone - Smooth at any internet speed - More economical - Pre-recorded - Can be rewatched and pause
81
Live streaming/Real Time
- No delay - Ability to ask and answer question - May required special hardware - Direct from source - Cant be rewatched
82
Buffering
- Temporary storage space where data can be held and process
83
What is Bit Streaming ?
- Continuous ordered flow of bits over a communication path
84
How buffer works ?
- Uses as a temporary storage - Data is transferred to buffer - Data is retrieved from buffer
85
Benefit of private cloud
- Not rely on 3rd parties - Better privacy - More storage provided
86
How data transmission in star topology
- Sender will transmit packet to the switch - Switch will check the destination address - Forward packet directly only to the address
87
Drawback of CSMA/CD
- Constant jamming , nothing ever send - High power consumption - Limited distance
88
Private IP Address
- only can be accessed within the LAN
89
Static IP Address
- IP for the device does not change every time rejoin a network - Used for internal LAN
90
How data is transmitted between LAN
- The data is transmitted from sender to ( router ) - The data has address to be sent - The router will determine the address - The router only transmit to receiver
91
Why we do subnetting ?
- Improve security - Easier network management - Improve network speed/performance
92
Public IP Address
- Assign to a device to allow direct connection to a network
93
Dynamic IP Address
- IP Address always change every time rejoining a network
94
IPv4
- 4 Groups - Represented in 8 bits - Separated by full stop
95
IPv6
- 6 Group - Represented in 16 bits - Separated by colon - Multiple group that contain 0 values double colon
96
Benefits of using LAN
- Allow sharing files - Allow central management - Allow Security/Backup
97
Identify 2 parts of subnet
- Network ID - Host ID
98

Computer Science (8 decks)

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