chapter 2

Question 1

what is natural selection

Answer 1

best adapted individuals survive and reproduce

Question 2

what is adaptive behavior

Answer 2

behavior that promotes individual survival in natural habitat

Question 3

which chromosome pair determines sex

Answer 3

23

Question 4

sex chromosome allele for men
sex chromosome allele for women

Answer 4

XY
XX

Question 5

mitosis vs meisois

Answer 5

mitosis- cell reproduction
meiosis- gamete reproduction

Question 6

fertilization/fusion of gametes produces what

Answer 6

zygote

Question 7

monozygotic
dizygotic

Answer 7

identical twins
fraternal twins

Question 8

genes collab with nongenetic factors for ________

Answer 8

expression

Question 9

genotype

Answer 9

actual genetic material

Question 10

phenotype

Answer 10

observable expression of gene

Question 11

what is down syndrome

Answer 11

extra 21st chromosome
disability involving motor and intellectual development

Question 12

what is the strongest predictor of having a child with down syndrome

Answer 12

mothers age

Question 13

what is behavior genetics

Answer 13

assessing the role of nature and nurture

Question 14

what does the adoption study, study

Answer 14

are adopted children similar to bio parents or adoptive parents

Question 15

what does the twin study, study

Answer 15

behavioral differences of identical and fraternal twins

Question 16

3 types of genotype-environment correlations

Answer 16

PASSIVE
EVOCATIVE
ACTIVE

Question 17

what is passive genotype-environment correlations

Answer 17

bio parents provide rearing environment

Question 18

what is evocative genotype-environment correlations

Answer 18

genetically influenced characteristics elicit certain environments

Question 19

what is active genotype-environment correlations

Answer 19

seek ad choose environment that fit heredity/genetic tendencies

Question 20

epigenetic view of hereditary environment correlations

Answer 20

development is the result of ongoing, bidirectional interchange between hereditary and environment

Question 21

name of study where researchers measure genetic trait and environmental factors to see their effect on the same outcome

Answer 21

gene-environment interaction

Question 22

3 periods of prenatal development

Answer 22

germinal (conception-week 2)
embryonic (week 2- week 8)
fetal (week 8- birth)

Question 23

what is viability and what weeks does it apply to

Answer 23

the ability to live outside the mothers womb
22-26 weeks

Question 24

can babies learn inside the womb

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

what is a teratogen

Answer 25

environmental agents that cause damage during the prenatal period

Question 26

extent of teratogen damages depends on what

Answer 26

dose heredity age of exposure

Question 27

babies are most sensitive to teratogens during which period

Answer 27

embryonic strongest chance of structural defect

Question 28

types of teratogens

Answer 28

prescription drugs non-prescription drugs (aspirin, caffeine) environmental factors (mercury, lead) infections/diseases (HIV, syphilis)

Question 29

maternal age has an increased risk of what

Answer 29

infertility miscarriage abnormalities

Question 30

what does APGAR stand for

Answer 30

Apperance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration

Question 31

APGAR score levels and what they mean

Answer 31

7+ good 4-6 good w/ assistance 3- serious danger

Question 32

what weeks are considered pre-term very pre-term extremely pre-term

Answer 32

week 37-33 week 33-28 week 28- fewer

Question 33

weight considered low very low extremely low

Answer 33

< 5.5 lbs < 3.25 lbs < 2.19 lbs

Question 34

what is kangaroo care

Answer 34

skin-to-skin technique to mimic the womb for low birth weight infants

Question 35

what does kangaroo care do

Answer 35

stabilize heart rate, breathing, and temperature

Question 36

percentage of women who experience postpartum blues postpartum depression

Answer 36

70% 10%