Chapter 2

Question 1

One approach to creating, compiling, and editing programs where the user types commands and the computer responds

Answer 1

Command Line Environment

Question 2

An approach to creating, compiling, and editing programs where the user uses the keyboard and mouse to interact with a graphical user interface

Answer 2

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Question 3

The basic development system for Java programming

Answer 3

Java Development Kit (JDK)

Question 4

Central concept in a command line environment which contains files that can be used by the commands you type

Answer 4

Current/Working Directory

Question 5

Current directory first displayed in a command prompt where personal files are stored

Answer 5

Home Directory

Question 6

A computer program that allows you to create and save documents containing plain text

Answer 6

Text Editor

Question 7

A shortcut to typing long commands

Answer 7

Alias

Question 8

The rules that determine what is allowed of a programming language’s vocabulary and construction

Answer 8

Syntax

Question 9

The set of rules that determine the meaning of a program written in a porgramming language

Answer 9

Semantics

Question 10

Aspects of programming relating to the style of the program

Answer 10

Pragmatics

Question 11

Command within a program that uses a built-in subroutine

Answer 11

Subroutine Call Statement

Question 12

Subroutine which is already defined as a part of a programming language and therefore is automatically available for use in any program

Answer 12

Built-In Subroutine

Question 13

File where the class of a program is saved but not necessary for executing the program and different from the compiled file

Answer 13

Source Code

Question 14

The most basic names in Java syntax which can be used to name classes, variables, and subroutines as a sequence of one or more characters consisting of a letter or underscore at the beginning and letters, numbers, or underscores throughout

Answer 14

Identifiers

Question 15

Certain words which cannot be used as identifiers in Java since they are held for special uses, such as ‘class’, ‘public’, ‘static’, and several dozen other words

Answer 15

Reserved Words

Question 16

Method of capitalizing multi-word names so that each word, except maybe the first, is capitalized without any space or underscore separating them

Answer 16

Camel Case

Question 17

Things in Java which can consist of several simple names separated by periods, based in the idea that things can contain other things and acting as a path to an item through one or more levels of containment

Answer 17

Compound/Qualified Names

Question 18

Statement which sets a variable name to a value using an equals sign in the form ‘variable = expression’

Answer 18

Assignment Statement

Question 19

Type of programming language in which variables are designed to hold only one particular type of data

Answer 19

Strongly Typed

Question 20

Basic data types recognized by Java which include only: byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, boolean

Answer 20

Primitive Types

Question 21

Data type corresponding to two bytes, with values in the range of -32768 to 32767

Answer 21

Short

Question 22

Data type corresponding to four bytes, with values in the range of -2147483648 to 2147483647

Answer 22

Int

Question 23

Data type corresponding to eight bytes, with values in the range of –9223372036854775909 to 9223372036854775807

Answer 23

Long

Question 24

Data type for encoding real numbers represented in four bytes of memory, so that the maximum value is about 10^38 and may include about seven significant digits

Answer 24

Float

Question 25

Data type used for encoding real numbers represented in eight bytes, so that it may range up to about 10^308 with 15 significant digits

Answer 25

Double

Question 26

Data type occupying two bytes of memory which is valued as a single Unicode character

Answer 26

Char

Question 27

Something that you can type in a program to represent a value

Answer 27

Literal

Question 28

Statement used to declare one or more variables and give them names

Answer 28

Variable Declaration Statement

Question 29

Variables declared within a subroutine and exist only there, completely inaccessible from outside of it

Answer 29

Local Variables

Question 30

The value providing a subroutine with information it needs to perform its task

Answer 30

Parameter

Question 31

Variables and subroutines grouped together within a class

Answer 31

Static Members

Question 32

Type of subroutine which computes or retrieves some data value, such as returning a value to be used somehow in the program that calls it

Answer 32

Function

Question 33

A collection of variables and subroutines with an associated class describing what type it is

Answer 33

Object

Question 34

A subroutine that is contained in a class or in an object

Answer 34

Method

Question 35

A new kind of string literal starting with a series of three double-quote characters, followed by optional white space and then a new line, making it easier to represent multiline strings

Answer 35

Text Blocks

Question 36

A special kind of class used for enumerated types which has a fixed list of possible values specified when it is created

Answer 36

Enums

Question 37

Possible values of an enum type

Answer 37

Enum Constants

Question 38

The destination of a string output

Answer 38

Standard Output

Question 39

Parameter of System.out.printf which specifies the format of the output

Answer 39

Format String

Question 40

Details of the output format for a value in a format string which begins with a percent sign and ends with a letter specifying the type of output that is to be produced

Answer 40

Format Specifier

Question 41

Place to which data may be written that is stored on the user's hard drive

Answer 41

File

Question 42

Place to which output is sent when written using TextIO.put or its variations

Answer 42

Current Output Destination

Question 43

A chunk of internal memory to where the computer may look before prompting the user for input

Answer 43

Input Buffer

Question 44

A piece of program code that represents or computes a value, including a literal, variable, function call, or several of these combined with operators

Answer 44

Expression

Question 45

Process of a program during arithmetic operations to automatically change a value from one type to another

Answer 45

Type Conversion

Question 46

Operator which takes the negative of a number

Answer 46

Unary Minus

Question 47

Methods of writing boolean operators where the second operand is not necessarily evaluated, such as && and ||

Answer 47

Short-Circuited Operators

Question 48

A ternary operator which comes with the two pieces ? And : to test the value of the left-most condition and executes the arithmetic operation to the left only if such condition is true

Answer 48

Conditional Operator

Question 49

A way to convert a type forcefully, indicated by putting a type name in parentheses in front of the value that should be converted

Answer 49

Type Cast