Chapter 2 Flashcards
Chemistry of Biology (23 cards)
What is an Element?
An item that is in its purest form and can’t be broken down anymore.
What are the Big 4 in the body?
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon.
What is a Nucleus?
The center of the atom, made up of protons and neutrons.
What is a Proton?
Positively charged particle.
What is a Neutron?
Particles with no electrical charge.
What is an Electron?
Negatively charged particles.
What is an Atomic Number?
The number of protons and electrons; found on the top area of the box.
What is the Atomic Mass?
The number of protons and neutrons; if the # < .5 round down, if # > .5 round up.
What does horizontal lines mean on the periodic table?
The number of shells
What does vertical lines mean on the periodic table?
How many valence electrons there are.
What are Valence Electrons?
The number of electrons on the outermost shell.
What makes an atom Stable?
The outermost shell of the atom has its max number of electrons.
What makes an atom Unstable?
The outermost shell of the atom does not have it’s max number of electrons.
What makes an ion negative.
It has less electrons than protons.
What makes an Ion positive?
It has more protons than electrons.
What is an Isotope?
Atoms with the same atomic number but have different atomic mass.
What is a molecule?
It has 2 or more atoms bonded together.
What is a Compound bond?
A molecule composed of 2 or more different elements.
What is a Covalent bond?
It shares electrons and is the strongest.
What is a Simple Compound bond?
Shares a single pair of electrons; 2 total elements.
What is a Double Compound bond?
Shares 2 pairs of electrons; 4 total elements.
What is an Ionic bond?
1 atom transfers one or more electrons to another atom.
What is an Hydrogen bond?
Bonds molecules together; the weakest but gets stronger the more there are together.
