CHAPTER 2 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Organic molecules
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Living things are composed of?
Mostly water and organic compounds.
Carbohydrates are?
Primary energy-storage molecules
The simplest carbohydrates are known as?
Sugars
Hydrophilic means
“Water loving”
Sucrose is ?
A disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.
Dehydration is
Removing H2O
Hydrolysis is
Adding H2O
Starch is the
Primary storage polysaccharide in plants.
What are the two forms of starch ?
Amylose, and amylopectin.
Important polysaccharide,the principle component of the cell wall?
Cellulose
What are lipids?
Fats and fatlike structures.
Is oil saturated or unsaturated, is is solid or liquid and room temp?
Unsaturated and liquid.
Are fats saturated or unsaturated, solid or liquid and room temp?
Saturated and solid.
Hydrophobic is?
“Water-fearing”
Fats and oils consist of
Three fatty acid molecules bonded to one glycerol molecule.
Steroids are distinguished by the presence of
Four interconnected hydrocarbon rings
Proteins are composed of
Amino acids
What is a polypeptide?
A chain of amino acid joined by peptide bonds
What is the protein primary structure?
The formation of a polypeptide.
What is protein secondary structure?
A twisting alpha helix, or a folding beta pleated sheet.
What is the protein tertiary structure?
A larger scale of folds and twists.
What is the protein quaternary structure?
The joining if two or more polypeptides.
Types of proteins…
Enzymes, hormones, transport, contractile, protective, structural, storage, toxins, communication
