Chapter 2/3 Flashcards
Adenosine Triphosphate
The compound that is the important intracellular energy source; cellular energy
Acid
A substance that liberates hydrogen ion concentration when in an aqueous solution; compare with base
Base
A substance that excepts hydrogen ions; proton acceptor; compare with acid
Carbohydrate
Organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen;
Includes starches,sugars, cellulose.
Enzyme
Substance formed by living cells that acts as a catalyst in chemical reactions in the body.
Lipid
Organic compound formed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; examples are fats & cholesterol.
Nucleic Acid
Class of organic molecules that includes DNA & RNA
pH
The symbol for hydrogen ion concentration; measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
Protein
A complex nitrogenous substance; the main building materials of cells.
Nucleus
A dense central body in most cells containing the genetic material of the cell.
Nuclear Membrane
……
Chromatin
The structures in her nucleus that carry the heredity factors
Chromosomes
Bar-like body of tightly coiled chromatin; visible during cell division.
Microvilli
The tiny projections on the free surfaces of some epithelial cells; increase surface area for absorption.
Cytoplasm
The substance of a cell other than that of the nucleus.
Cytosol
The aqueous component of the cytoplasm of a cell
Mitochondria
The rod like cytoplasmic organelles responsible for ATP generation.
Ribosomes
Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized.
Endoplasmic reticulum
A membranous network of tubular or saclike channels in the cytoplasm of a cell.
Golgi apparatus
A complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells
Lysosomes
Organelles that originate from the Golgi apparatus and contain strong digestive enzymes.
Cytoskeleton
A microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.
Centrioles
A minute body found near the nucleus of the cell composed of microtubules; active in cell division.
Template
A Nucleic acid molecule that acts as a pattern for the sequence of assembly of a protein, Nucleic acid., or other large molecule
