chapter 2

Question 1

old crust is preserved at what type of boundary?

Answer 1

f

Question 2

____ was the oldest known location technique on the globe that required only the stars while ____ needed an accurate timepiece to plot accurately

Answer 2

latitude/longitude

Question 3

the himalaya are an example of the tectonic force of a

Answer 3

continent-continent convergent collision

Question 4

plate tectonic theory

Answer 4

Alfred Wegner
late 1960s adopted
the continents were all once connected and have drifted apart

Question 5

continental drift theory evidence

Answer 5

fossils, cross atlantic mountain belts, similar rock units, glaciations

Question 6

why are earthquakes found mainly at the edges of plates

Answer 6

breakage and deformation of the lithosphere is focused at plate edges

Question 7

p-wave

Answer 7

primary wave
highest velocity
particle compression
can pass through liquid and solid
travel furthest from epicenter

Question 8

s-wave

Answer 8

shear wave
second fastest
vertical particle motion
can pass through solid but not liquid

Question 9

surface waves

Answer 9

slowest but most destructive

reyleigh waves and love waves

Question 10

reyleigh waves

Answer 10

up and down motion

Question 11

love waves

Answer 11

lateral motion

Question 12

divergent plate boundaries

Answer 12

new crust created at mid ocean ridges

volcanoes

Question 13

convergent plate boundaries

Answer 13

crust subducted and remelted

volcanoes and large earthquakes

Question 14

transform plate boundaries

Answer 14

plates sliding past each other
earthquakes
do not create or destroy crust
can be on continent or in ocean
connect spreading centers (divergent boundaries)
ex) san andreas fault, CA

Question 15

passive margin

Answer 15

edges of the divergent basin

Question 16

oceanic rise

Answer 16

fast spreading
gentle slopes
east pacific

Question 17

oceanic ridge

Answer 17

slow spreading
steep slopes
mid atlantic

Question 18

ultraslow

Answer 18

deep rift valley
widely scattered volcanoes
arctic and southwest india

Question 19

ocean-continent convergent plate boundaries

Answer 19

ex) andes mountains, w South America

Question 20

Ocean-ocean convergent plate boundaries

Answer 20

ex) Japanese volcanic islands

Question 21

Continent-continent convergent plate boundaries

Answer 21

ex) Himalayas, india asia collision

Question 22

The Strongest earthquakes occur

Answer 22

at convergent boundaries

Question 23

Wilson cycles

Answer 23

tectonic cycles over geologic time scales of ocean basin creation growth closure and destruction

Question 24

Wilson cycles: embryonic

Answer 24

uplift
complex system of linear rift valleys on continent
east african rift valleys

Question 25

Wilson cycles: Juvenile

Answer 25

Divergence narrow seas with matching coasts red sea

Question 26

Wilson cycles: Mature

Answer 26

divergence ocean basin with continental margins atlantic and arctic oceans

Question 27

Wilson cycles: Declining

Answer 27

Convergence (Subduction) island arcs and trenches around basin edge pacific ocean

Question 28

Wilson cycles: Terminal

Answer 28

convergence (collision) and uplift narrow irregular seas with young mountains mediterranean sea

Question 29

Wilson cycles: Suturing

Answer 29

convergence and uplift young to mature mountain belts himalaya mountains