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12th Govt > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Limited government

A

A system in which the power of the government is limited, not absolute

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2
Q

Representative govt

A

A system in government in which people elect delegates to make laws and conduct govt

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3
Q

Separation of powers

A

The division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of govt

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4
Q

Revenue

A

The money a govt collects from taxes or other sources

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5
Q

Embargo

A

An agreement prohibiting trade

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6
Q

Ratify

A

To approve

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7
Q

Unicameral

A

A single chamber legislature

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8
Q

Cede

A

To yield

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9
Q

Ordinance

A

A law

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10
Q

Interstate commerce

A

Trade among the states

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11
Q

Extralegal

A

Not sanctioned by the law

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12
Q

Anarchy

A

Political disorder

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13
Q

Explain the concepts of American govt that originated in England

A

Magna Carta
Petition of right- limit- parliament must consent to taxes, no quartering, no marshal law
English bill of rights- monarchs are not absolute, monarchs can’t interfere with parliament, fair trials, no cruel punishment
Representative govt- people elect delegates to run the govt for them, originated in England

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14
Q

Explain Locke’s theory on govt

-when is govt legitimate

A

In nature before govt, everyone is born free.

People give ho some of their freedoms to the govt for protection and if govt doesn’t protect you, you can overthrow it

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15
Q

What natural rights are people born with according to Locke

A

Life, liberty, and property

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16
Q

How was democracy different in the colonies than it is today

A

Only white men who owned property could vote

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17
Q

List the 3 practices of the colonial govt that exist today

A

Written constitutions
Legislature of elective representatives
Separation between the governor and legislature

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18
Q

Mayflower compact

A

The pilgrims government.

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19
Q

Great fundamentals

A

The law for the English colonies

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20
Q

Fundamental orders of Connecticut

A

The first formal/written constitution in America

21
Q

The house of burgesses

A

The first legislature in the us

In Virginia

22
Q

Why did the colonies exist for the benefit of Great Britain?

A

For the benefit of Great Britain:
could get natural resources from the colonies
We’re a market for British goods

23
Q

The colonies were fairly independent because

A

We’re fairly independent

Because of the distance between them and England

24
Q

What 2 events changed the relationship between the colonies and Britain

A

French and Indian war

King George III becomes king

25
Why did the British begin taxing the colonies
To pay off debt
26
What was the stamp act | What problems it caused
First direct tax on the colonies | Placed on paper products
27
Results of the stamp act
Caused them to boycott British goods Escalated to the Boston tea party as a protest Intolerable acts were the punishment for the Boston tea party
28
What was decided at the stamp act congress and the resulting committees of correspondence
Embargo British goods | Committees of c. Groups that wrote eachother to tell about the rebellion
29
What does 'no taxation without representation' mean
Because the colonists didn't have a representative in parliament, they should not be taxed
30
What was accomplished at the first continental congress and the second continental congress
1st: discussed how to address britains taxes 2nd: the acting govt during the war.
31
What is the Declaration of Independence When was it signed 3 main parts
A document that officially separated the colonies from Great Britain Signed July 4, 1776 Statement of purpose and basic human rights, complaints against George III, the separation from Great Britain
32
All people have the right to
Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness
33
What is the articles of confederation How is govt set up under it Some of the benefits
``` The first American govt It was a strong league of friendship Govt was a unicameral congress Each state got one vote No executive or judicial branches ``` Benefits- Could enter into treaties, make war and peace, send and receive ambassadors
34
List 4 weaknesses of the articles
Can't levy taxes Can't regulate trade To amend had to have approval of all 13 colonies One more
35
Explain some of the articles achievements
``` Northwest ordinance Peace treaty with Great Britain Enlargement of the country Departments of foreign affairs, war, Marine, treasury 'Full faith and credit' clause ```
36
Explain some of the issues that arose under the articles, such as shays rebellion
States fought with one another Couldn't pay off the debt Looked weak and terrible Shays rebellion showed the weaknesses of the articles- Daniel shays was a revolutionary war veteran Would lead unhappy farmers to close the courts Tried to take a federal arsenal but was stopped
37
What was the purpose of the constitutional convention? Where was it held Who presided over it
Purpose- to revise the articles But decided to start over completely with the constitution Held in Philadelphia President was George Washington
38
Who was the father of the constitution
James Madison
39
Understand that the meetings were kept secret to allow...
Delegates to talk freely
40
Describe the early agreements that occurred at the convention
Abandon the articles Limited and representative govt Legislative, executive, and judicial branches Limit the states power to coin money or interfere with creditors rights Strengthen the national govt
41
Explain the difference between the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan
Virginia- large state plan, created three branches of govt, a bicameral legislature, representation based on population New Jersey- small state plan, keep a unicameral legislature, representation Would be equal
42
What did the Connecticut compromise form | Explain
Compromise of the new jersey and Virginia plans Creates a bicameral legislature Senate has equal representation House of representative is based on population Formed the modern legislative branch of govt
43
Explain the basics of three-fifths compromise
The north and the south South wanted slaves to count for representation but not taxation North wants them to count for taxation but not representation Compromise they count a slave as 3/5 of a person for tax and representation
44
What other compromises came out of the constitutional convention
Interstate trade and foreign commerce Restrictions on slavery How to elect president Presidential term
45
Know the difference between federa lists and antifederalists
Federalists: supported constitution | Anti-Federalists: did not support constitution
46
What would get the states to ratify the constitution
The promise of the bill of rights
47
How many states needed to ratify the constitution?
Needed 9 states to ratify | New Hampshire is the 9th state
48
Where was the first Capitol of the U.S.?
New York
49
Who was the first president?
George Washington

12th Govt (13 decks)

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