Chapter 2 Flashcards
(36 cards)
Explain the male reproductive system.
- Testis
2. Penis
Describe the development of the zygote and blastocyst.
- The zygote divides once in the first 36 hours.
- It is a three day trip in the Fallopian Tube.
- Now called the blastocyst, it finds a landing spot and placenta is formed.
Describe the Germinal Stage.
Day 1 to 14. Same thing and the development of the zygote to the blastocyst.
Describe the Embryotic Stage
Week 3 to week 8.
- The neural tube begins to form.
- Arm and leg buds begin to form.
- The outlines of eyes and ears begin.
- Feet, elbows, wrists, and fingers begin to appear.
- By week 8 the embryo is 1.5 inches long.
- The internal organs are in place and looks human.
Describe the Fetal Stage.
Week 9 to birth.
- The age of viability starts at about 6 months.
- The baby needs as much time in the womb as possible.
- In the last 2 months, the baby gains approximately 5 pounds.
What is the age of viability? What does the age of viability begin?
Earliest date at which babies possibly can live. It can start at 22 weeks.
What are teratogens? Give examples.
Substances that may harm the body.
- Medication- Antibiotics
- Diseases- AIDS
- Drugs- Cocaine
- Environment- Radiation
- Stress
Describe Ultra Sounds, Chorionic Villus, and Amniocentesis.
Ultra Sounds: Provide an image of the body in the womb.
Chorionic Villus Sampling: A test to diagnose chromosomal & genetic conditions.
Explain infertility, assisted reproductive technology (ART), and in vitro fertilization.
Infertility: The inability to conceive a child after a year of unprotected sex.
Assisted reproductive technology: A strategy when the egg is fertilized outside the womb.
In Vitro Fertilization: When the eggs are harvested & put in a laboratory dish with sperm to be fertilized, then put back into the uterus.
Describe each of the stages of birth: Dilation & Effacement, Birth, and Expulsion of the Placenta.
Dilation & Effacement: The fetus must thin out and dilate to 10cm. It also accompanies contractions.
Birth: The fetus goes through the uterus & enters the vagina. The baby’s scalp appears (called crowning). The shoulders rotate and the baby slowly slithers out.
Explosion of the Placenta: The placenta & other supporting structures must be pushed out.
Describe birth options.
- Natural Childbirth
- C-Section
- Water Birth
What is the apgar scale?
Tests:
- Heart Rate
- Muscle Tone
- Respiration
- Reflex Response
- Color
Identify the threats after birth.
- Low birth weight.
2. Infant Morality (The term for deaths occurring within the first years of life).
The neck, or narrow lower portion of the uterus.
Cervix
One of a pair of slim, pipe-like structures that connect the ovaries with the utures.
Fallopian Tube
One of a pair of almost-shaped organs that contain a woman’s ova, or egg.
Ovary
An egg cell containing the genetic material contributes by the mother to the baby.
Ovum
The union if sperm and egg.
Fertilization
The moment during a woman’s monthly cycle when an ovum is expelled from the ovary.
Ovulation
Male organs that manufacture sperm.
Testes
The pear-shaped muscular organ in a woman’s abdomen that houses the developing baby.
Uterus
A threadlike strand of DNA located in the nucleus of every cell that carries the genes which transmit hereditary information.
Chromosome
The material that makes up genes, which bear our hereditary characteristics.
DNA
A segment of DNA that contains chemical blueprint for manufacturing a particular protein.
Gene
