Chapter 2

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

Basic unit of matter

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Center of an atom made up of electrons and neutrons

Question 3

Electron

Answer 3

Negatively charged particle

Question 4

Element

Answer 4

Consists of only one type of atom

Question 5

Isotopes

Answer 5

Atoms in an element with different amounts of neutrons in them

Question 6

Compound

Answer 6

Substances chemically produced with two or more elements

Question 7

Ionic bond

Answer 7

When one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Question 8

Ion

Answer 8

Positively and negatively charged atoms

Question 9

Covalent bond

Answer 9

When moving electrons travel within the nuclei of two atoms

Question 10

Molecule

Answer 10

Smallest unit of most compounds

Question 11

Van deer Waals forces

Answer 11

Oppositely charged molecules will attract

Question 12

Hydrogen bond

Answer 12

When a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge attracts another atom with a partial negative charge

Question 13

Cohesion

Answer 13

The attraction of molecules with the same substance

Question 14

Adhesion

Answer 14

The attraction between molecules of different substances

Question 15

Mixture

Answer 15

Material made of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

Question 16

Solution

Answer 16

Type of mixture where all components are evenly distributed

Question 17

Solute

Answer 17

A substance being dissolved

Question 18

Solvent

Answer 18

A substance dissolving the solute

Question 19

pH Scale

Answer 19

Measurement system used to indicate H+ ions in a solution

Question 20

Acid

Answer 20

Any compound that creates H+ ions in a solution

Question 21

Base

Answer 21

A compound that creates hydroxide ions in a solution

Question 22

Buffers

Answer 22

Weak bases or acids that react with strong bases or acids to prevent a sudden change in pH

Question 23

Monomers

Answer 23

Smaller units of compounds, to form polymers

Question 24

Polymer

Answer 24

Compound made up of monomers

Question 25

Carbohydrates

Answer 25

Compounds made up of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms

Question 26

Monosaccharides

Answer 26

Single sugar molecules

Question 27

Lipids

Answer 27

Large, varied, group of molecules that are not soluble to water. Mostly made from carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Question 28

Nucleic Acids

Answer 28

Macromolecules and polymers that are made up of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus atoms.

Question 29

Nucleotides

Answer 29

Monomers that make up nucleic acid

Question 30

Proteins

Answer 30

Macromolecules and polymers made up of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon atoms

Question 31

Amino acids

Answer 31

Compounds within an amino group that make up proteins