Chapter 2 Flashcards
In the Reflex Arc, there is a afferent neuron, an interneuron and a efferent neuron - what does this mean?
The afferent neuron is responsible for the information coming in to the nervous system; the interneuron acts as the relayer of information and the efferent neuron is the neuron that relays the information out of the CNS to the muscles.
What are Modal Action Patterns or MAPs involved in what kind of behaviour?
a) Typical species behaviors such as breast feeding, sexual behaviour, aggression, prey capture and appetitive behaviors?
b) Behaviors that are specific in mammals
c) Typical species behaviours such as breast feeding, aggression, sexual behaviour, , sign stimulus and prey capture.
d) typical species behaviors such as aggression, breast feeding, prey capture, sexual behavior and territorial defense
D.
What do MAPs require to elicit a response from an organism?
- A Sign Stimulus or Releasing stimulus: specific feature of an object or animal that elicits a MAP
(e. g. pecking from a chick) - A Supernormal Stimulus: sign stimulus whose features have been artificially enhanced to produce an abnormally large MAP.
(e. g. adding sugar to juice)
What is involved in all motivated behavior such as defending a territory, feeding offsprings, foraging food and finding a mate?
a) Sequences of Organisms of their Behaviors
b) Sequential Organization of Behaviors
c) Semantic Organizations of Behaviors
d) Sequential Organisms in Behaviors
e) None of the above
B.
The early components and end components of S.O.B is called Appetitive behaviors and Consummatory behaviors. What do they involve?
a) Appetitive behaviors bring in tracking stimulus and Consummatory behaviors bring a completion or consummation to said behaviors.
b) Appetitive behaviors bring a completion or consummation to said behaviors and Consummatory behaviors bring the organisms in contact with a sign stimulus.
c) Appetitive behaviors bring the organisms in contact with a sign stimulus and Consummatory behaviors bring a completion or consummation to said behaviors.
d) Appetitive behaviors are goal-tracking while Consummatory behaviors are sign stimuli.
C.
Appetitive behaviors are more variable and can take a variety of different forms depending on the situation.
Consummatory behaviors are highly stereotyped species-typical behaviors that have specific eliciting or releasing stimuli.
When an organism wants to gain food, there are 3 types of behaviors that goes into sequence:
a) Focal Search mode, Food Handling Ingestion and General Search Mode.
b) General Search Mode, Sign Tracking and Goal Tracking
c) General Search Mode, Focal Search Mode and Opponent process
d) General Search Mode, Focal Search Mode and Food Handling and Ingestion
D.
What is Habituation?
The decline in responding that occurs with repeated presentation of a stimulus.
Habituation is:
a) stimulus sensitive
b) stimulus general
c) stimulus sign-tracking
d) stimulus sensible
a)
The startle response consists of a sudden jump and tensing of the muscles of the upper part of the body, usually involving the raising of the shoulders and pulling the head into the shoulders.
In the experiment of Leaton (1976) there were two kinds of habituation demonstrated through laboratory rats and noise. What were the results of the experiment?
a) The most intense reaction was observed the first time, the habituation was very quick for both phases but very quick to decrease and for the 3rd phase of the experiment upon the 11th day; the startle response had completely recovered.
b)The most intense reaction was observed on the 11th day, the short-term habituation was seen on the first phase and the long-term habituation was on the 2nd phase.
c) The most intense reaction was observed the first time, the long-term habituation was observed on the first phase, the short-term habituation was observed on the 2nd phase and the startle response had completely recovered on the 11th day of the experiment.
c.
What is Sensitization Effect?
an increase in the in the vigor of elicited behavior that may result from repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus or from exposure to a strong extraneous stimulus.
Sensitization plays a major role in what kind of behavior demonstrated through the experiment of Jia et al. (2007) who found that tactile sensitivity increased by watching a [ ] video.
a) Erotic and foraging behavior
b) goal-tracking and feeding behavior.
c) Erotic and consummatory behavior.
d) Erotic and sexual behavior.
D.
Sometimes, a response will not always occur because of habituation or sensitization processes. it can also occurs because of :
a) Fatigue and irritation
b) Fatigue and sensory adaptation
c) Sensory adaptation and irritation
d) fatigue and food eating
B.
