Chapter 2 Flashcards
(87 cards)
1
Q
Aden/o
A
Gland
2
Q
Adip/o
A
Fat
3
Q
Anter/o
A
Before, front
4
Q
Caud/o
A
Lower part of body or tail
5
Q
Hist/o
A
Tissue
6
Q
Plasi/I, plas/o, -plasia
A
Development, growth, formation
7
Q
Poster/o
A
Behind, towards back
8
Q
-stasis, -static
A
Control, maintenance of a constant level
9
Q
Disto
A
Away
10
Q
Cephalic
A
Towards the head
11
Q
Caudal
A
Towards the feet
12
Q
Anterior
A
Toward the front
13
Q
Ventral surface
A
Front of body
14
Q
Dorsal
A
Back of body
15
Q
Proximal
A
Situated nearest the midline
16
Q
Distal
A
Situated furthest from the midline
17
Q
Medial
A
Toward or nearer the midline
18
Q
Lateral
A
Toward the side and away from the midline
19
Q
Peritoneum
A
Multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place in the abdominal cavity
20
Q
Parietal peritoneum
A
Outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal wall
21
Q
Parietal
A
Cavity wall
22
Q
Mesentery
A
Is a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall
23
Q
Retroperitoneum
A
Means located behind the peritoneum
24
Q
Cytology
A
Study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of a cell
25
Cytologist
Specialist in the study of and analysis of cells
26
Cell membrane
Tissue that surrounds and protects the contents of a cell
27
Cytoplasm
Material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus
28
Nucleus
Controls the activities within the cell and helps the cell divide
29
Stem cells
Unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division
30
Adult stem cells/somatic stem cells
Undifferentiated cells found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ
31
Embryonic stem cell
Undifferentiated cells that can form any adult cell, come from cord blood
32
Gene
Fundamental physical and functional unit of hereditary
33
Genetics
Study of how genes are transferred from parents to their children
34
Genome
Complete set of genetic information for an organism
35
Histology
The microscopic study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues
36
Epithelial tissue
Forms a protective covering for all internal and external surfaces of the body
37
Epithelium
Forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membranes
38
Endothelium
The specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs
39
Connective tissue
Support and connect organs and other body tissues
40
Dense connective tissue
Form the joints and framework of the body
41
Adipose tissue
Known as fat, provides protective padding, insulation, and support
42
Loose connective tissue
Surround various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels
43
Liquid connective tissue
Blood and lymph, which transport nutrients and waste products throughout the body
44
Muscle tissue
Contains cells with the specialized ability to contract and relax
45
Nerve tissue
Ability to react to stimuli and to conduct electrical impulses
46
Aplasia
Defective development or the congenital absence of an organ or tissue
47
Hypoplasia
Incomplete development of an organ or tissue due to a deficiency in cells
48
Anaplasia
Change in structure of calls and in their orientation to each other
49
Dysplasia
The abnormal development or growth of cells tissues or organs
50
Hyperplasia
The enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues
51
Hypertrophy
Is a general increase in the book of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size but not In the number of cells in the tissues
52
Gland
A group of specialized epithelial cells that are capable of producing secretions
53
Exocrine glands
Secrete chemicals seven shares into ducks that lead either to other organs are out of the
54
Endocrine glands
Produce hormones do not have ducks these hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream
55
Adenitis
Inflammation of a gland
56
Adenocarcinoma
Malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue
57
Adenoma
Benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue
58
Adenomalacia
Abnormal softening of a gland
59
Adenosis
Any disease or condition of a gland
60
Adenosclerosis
Abnormal hardening of a gland
61
Adenectomy
Surgical removal of a gland
62
Etiology
The study of the causes of diseases
63
Pathogen
Disease producing micro organism
64
Transmission
The spread of a disease
65
Contamination
Means that a pathogen is possibly present
66
Communicable/contagious
Any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either directly or indirect contact with contaminated objects
67
Indirect contact transmission
Refers to situations in which a susceptible person is infected by contact with a contaminated surface
68
Bloodborne transmission
The spread of a disease or contact with Infected blood or other body fluids that are contaminated by infected blood
69
Droplet transmission
The spread of disease through large respiratory droplets spread by coughing or sneezing on to a nearby person
70
Airborne transmission
Occurs through contact with germs in the air
71
Food or waterborne transmission
Caused by drinking or eating contaminated food or water that has not been properly treated to remove contamination or kill any pathogen’s present
72
Vector borne transmission
Spread of certain diseases due to the body of a vector
73
Epidemiologist
A specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group
74
Endemic
Refers to the ongoing presence of a disease within a population group or area
75
Epidemic
A sudden or widespread outbreak of disease without a specific population group or area
76
Functional disorder
Reduce his symptoms for which no psychological or anatomical cause can be identified
77
Iatrogenic illness
On favorable response due to prescribe medical treatment
78
Idiopathic disorder
In illness without a known cause
79
Infectious disease
An illness caused by living pathogenic organisms
80
Nosocomial infection
Acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
81
Organic disorder
Produces symptoms caused by detectable physical changes in the body
82
Congenital disorder
Abnormal condition that exist at the time of birth
83
Developmental disorder/birth defect
I don’t normally or mouth formation such as the absence of a limb or presence of an extra toe
84
Atresia
Describes a congenital absence of a normal body opening or failure of a destruction to the tubular
85
Premature birth
A bird that occurs earlier than 37 weeks of development
86
Birth Injuries
Congenital disorders that were not present Before the event during the time of birth
87
Geriatrics
Study of the medical problems in care of older people
