Chapter 2 Animals-Section 2 Flashcards
(48 cards)
What are the four major groups of arthropods?
Crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes and millipedes, and insects.
What are the four characteristics of all arthropods?
1) invertebrates
2) external skeleton
3) segmented body
4) jointed attachments called appendages
What are three examples of appendages?
Wings, mouth parts, and legs
What are arthropods named for?
Jointed appendages
What are three other characteristics of arthropods that other animals share as well?
1) bilateral symmetry
2) Open circulatory system
3) digestive system with two openings
4) reproduce sexually
What is the waterproof, waxy outer skeleton that covers an arthropod called?
Exoskeleton
What is the function of the exoskeleton?
It protects the animal and helps prevent evaporation of water to keep the arthropod from drying out.
As an arthropod grows larger it’s exoskeleton cannot expand. The process of shedding an outgrown exoskeleton skeleton is called what?
Molting
After an arthropod has molted what is it’s new skeleton like? Why is this important?
It’s new skeleton is soft and the arthropod has less protection from danger then it does after its new skeleton has hardened.
In some groups of arthropods, several body segments become joined into what?
Distinct sections
An arthropod may have up to how many sections? And what are they?
An arthropod may have up to three sections. A head, a midsection, and a hind section
What do the joints in the appendages of an arthropod do?
The joints in the appendages give the animal flexibility and enable it to move.
Arthropod appendages tend to be highly specialized tools. What are they used for?
Arthropod appendages are used for moving, obtaining food, reproducing, and sensing the environment.
What is an appendage attached to the head of an arthropod that contains sense organs called?
Antenna….and most arthropods have them!
Scientists have identified more species of arthropods than all other species of animals combined. How many have they identified?
Over 1 million
Where do crustaceans live?
Freshwater lakes and rivers, oceans, coastlines, and even damp places on land.
How many body sections, pairs of legs, and pairs of antenna, do crustaceans have?
They have two or three body sections, five or more pair of legs, and two pair of antennae
What are the two pair of antennae on a crayfish used for?
They are used for smelling, tasting, touching, and keeping balance.
What are the crayfish’s first pair of legs called and what do they do?
Chelipeds and they are used for obtaining food and defending itself
Because crustaceans live in watery environments, most have gills. What is the function of the gills and where are the gills located?
Gills obtain oxygen and are located beneath the shell of the crustacean. Water containing oxygen reaches the gills as the crustacean moves along in its environment
Crustaceans obtain food in many ways. Give three examples.
1) scavengers that eat dead plants and animals
2) predators eating animals they’ve killed
3) some are herbivores
What are some examples of crustaceans?
Shrimp, crabs, crayfish, lobsters, krill, barnacles.
What is a process in which an animal’s body undergoes dramatic changes in form during its lifecycle called?
Metamorphosis
How many body sections, pairs of legs, and pairs of antenna, do arthropods have?
Arachnids have two body sections, four pairs of legs, and no antennae.
