Chapter 2: Composition of the Body Flashcards
(23 cards)
Order of Body Composition
atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism
anabolism
manufactures proteins in nucleolus
catabolism
break down glucose/fat in mitochondria
mitosis
the process of cell diffusion and replication
mutation
permanent alteration of nucleotide sequence of a genome
epigenetic changes
altering single genes by adding chemical compounds
functions of the cell (5)
manufacture proteins & lipids, produce/use energy, communicate with other cells, replicate DNA, reproduce itself
how many molecules (chromatin) are in DNA?
46
genome
the genetic makeup of a whole person
gene therapy
replacing a mutated gene with a new gene to prevent/help cure a disease
predictive medicine
using genetic makeup to assist w/ preventative care
cytogenetics
study of chromosome abnormality
personalized medicine
preventative care (specifically for breast cancer)
function of tissues:
storage, transport, support
connective tissue functions (5)
tissue that binds, supports, protects, fills spaces, and stores fat
epithelial tissue functions (4)
tissue that protects, secretes, absorb, excrete
muscle tissue function
tissue that is responsible for movement
nervous tissue function (3)
tissue that transmits impulses for coordination, sensory reception, and motor action
joint capsule
surround ligaments and bones
ligaments connect:
bone to bone
tendons connect:
bone to muscle
cartilage
where two bones meet
histology
study of structure and function of tissues
