Chapter 2, Cont. Flashcards
(23 cards)
fMRI stands for
functional magnetic resonance imaging
PET stands for
positron emission tomography
EEG stands for
electroencephalography
MEG stands for
magnetoencephalography
fMRI and PET rely on _____ _____.
blood flow
fMRI and PET generates images of brain ______ rather than brain _____.
activity; structure
PET involves a short-lived injection of ______ ______.
radioactive chemicals
Downsides of fMRI and PET are that they don’t really _______ and they have poor _______.
track neural activity; spatial resolution
EEG and MEG involve ______ on the surface of the _____.
electrodes; scalp
EEG has terrible ____ resolution.
spatial
MEG constructs real-time maps of brain _____ during ongoing cognitive processing.
activity
MEG measures the minuscule _____ ____ produced by the electrical activity of cortical _____.
magnetic fields; neurons
Spatial resolution means ___ in the brain.
where
Temporal resolution means __ in the brain.
when
A limit of neuroimaging in general: _____ aren’t the same between people!
lesions
A limit of neuroimaging in general: brain ____ is imprecise
damage
A limit of neuroimaging in general: long-term _______ affect behavior
consequences
Causal inference asks whether this (_____) causes this (_____).
in brain; behavior
Patient studies teach us that brain _____ impairs specific _____.
damage; behaviors
TMS stands for:
transcranial magnetic stimulation
TMS is a way to create a “virtual” _____.
lesion
Optogenetics is a new technique to manipulate the ____ of specific subsets of neurons.
activity
Animal studies pros and cons:
pros: allows more experimental control (results far more straightforward to interpret, can answer more causal questions, can manipulate [and measure] highly specific brain regions); major limitation: subjects aren’t humans!
