Chapter 7/9 Flashcards
(34 cards)
rods have __ color and __ acuity.
no; low
the ___ changes shape when we look at different things. this is effected by the ____ ____.
lens. ciliary muscles
cones have ___ color and ___ acuity
yes; high
the axons of the __ cells make up the optic nerve.
ganglion
___ is the photopigment in rods that responds to light.
rhodopsin
___ inhibits photoreceptors cells.
light
in light, Na+ channels are ___ (___).
closed (hyperpolarized).
in light, Ca+ channels are ____.
closed
photoreceptor adaptation takes more time from ___ to ___.
sunlight to dark
the ___ is the point at which vision is most clear.
fovea
the ___ are concentrated in the fovea, while the ___ are concentrated in the periphery.
cones; rods
the ____ ____ is devoid of receptor cells because ganglion cell axons and blood vessels exit the eye there, causing the blind spot
optic disc
the ___ ___ is the point at which the two optic nerves meet
optic chosen
the part of the thalamus that received information from the optic tract and sends it to the occipital cortex:
the LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus)
STUDY THE VISUAL PATHWAYS IN THE HUMAN BRAIN IN FIG. 7.10.
OKAY.
ON and OFF bipolar cells:
ON: inhibited by glutamate; depolarized by light; hyperpolarized by darkness
OFF: excited by glutamate; depolarized by darkness; hyperpolarized by light
striate cortex (also known as V1):
the region of the occipital cortex where most visual info arrives
extrastriate cortex:
visual cortex outside of the striate cortex
simple cortical cells care about ___ and ___; complex cortical cells care about ___, ___, and ___
orientation/position; orientation/motion/direction
what and where streams: ___ to ___.
occipital to frontal
ventral stream is ___ stream: ____
what; recognition
dorsal stream is ___ stream: _____
where; vision for movement, location
theorists relate myopia to _____.
sunlight exposure
____ is the body’s major source of energy.
glucose
