Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CNA > Chapter 2 Key Terms Notecards > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Key Terms Notecards Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

communication

A

the process of exchanging information with others by sending and receiving messages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

verbal communication

A

communication involving the use of spoken or written words or sounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

nonverbal communication

A

communication that does not use words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

objective information

A

information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells; also called signs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

subjective information

A

information that a person cannot or did not observe, but is based on something reported to the person that may or may not be true; also called symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

incontinence

A

the inability to control the bladder or bowels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

clichés

A

phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

defense mechanisms

A

unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

culture

A

a system of learned beliefs and behaviors that is practiced by a group of people and is often passed on from one generation to the next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

impairment

A

a loss of function or ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mental health

A

the normal functioning of emotional and intellectual abilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

mental health disorder

A

a disorder that affects a person’s ability to function and often causes inappropriate behavior; confusion, disorientation, agitation, and anxiety are common symptoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

combative

A

violent or hostile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

body mechanics

A

the way the parts of the body work together when a person moves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

posture

A

the way a person holds and positions his body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fracture

A

a broken bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

disorientation

A

confusion about person, place, or time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

scalds

A

burns caused by hot liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

abrasion

A

an injury that rubs off the surface of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)

A

a federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

conscious

A

the state of being mentally alert and having awareness of surroundings, sensations, and thoughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

first aid

A

emergency care given immediately to an injured person by the first people to respond in an emergency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A

medical procedures used when a person’s heart or lungs have stopped working.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

obstructed airway

A

a condition in which something is blocking the tube through which air enters the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
abdominal thrusts
method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking.
26
cyanotic
blue or gray, in reference to skin color
27
shock
a condition that occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply
28
Myocardial infarction (MI)
a condition that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen because blood flow to the heart is blocked; also called heart attack
29
syncope
loss of consciousness; also called fainting
30
insulin reaction
complication of diabetes that can result from either too much insulin or too little food; also known as hypoglycemia
31
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
a complication of diabetes that is caused by having too little insulin in the body.
32
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
a condition that occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain; also called stroke
33
transient ischemic attack (TIA)
a warning sign of a CVA/stroke resulting from a temporary lack of oxygen in the brain; symptoms may last up to 24 hours
34
hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of the body
35
hemiparesis
weakness on one side of the body
36
expressive aphasia
trouble communicating thoughts through speech or writing
37
receptive aphasia
difficulty understanding spoken or written words
38
emesis
the act of vomiting, or ejecting stomach contents through the mouth and/or nose
39
infection prevention
the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease
40
microorganism (MO)
a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only through a microscope
41
infection
the state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying
42
pathogens
microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease
43
localized infection
an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms
44
systemic infection
an infection that is in the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms
45
healthcare-associated infection (HAI)
an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care
46
chain of infection
way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human being to another
47
causative agent
a pathogenic microorganism that causes disease
48
reservoir
a place where a pathogen lives and multiplies
49
portal of exit
any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave
50
mode of transmission
the method of describing how a pathogen travels
51
direct contact
a way of transmitting pathogens through touching the infected person or his or her secretions
52
indirect contact
a way of transmitting pathogens by touching an object contaminated by the infected person
53
portal of entry
any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter
54
mucous membranes
the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the linings of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals
55
susceptible host
an uninfected person who could get sick
56
transmission
passage or transfer
57
infectious
contagious
58
medical asepsis
measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens
59
surgical asepsis
the state of being completely free of all microorganisms; also called sterile technique
60
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
a federal government agency that issues guidelines to protect the health of individuals and communities
61
Standard Precautions
a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease
62
sputum
thick mucus coughed up from the lungs
63
sharps
needles or other sharp objects
64
hand hygiene
washing hands with soap and water and using alcohol-based hand rubs
65
personal protective equipment (PPE)
equipment that helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards
66
don
to put on
67
doff
to remove
68
perineal care
care of the genital and anal area
69
nonintact skin
skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions, or boils
70
clean
in health care, a condition in which objects have not been contaminated with pathogens
71
dirty
in health care, a condition in which objects have been contaminated with pathogens
72
sterilization
a cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms, including pathogens
73
disinfection
process that destroys most, but not all pathogens; it reduces the pathogen count to a level that is considered not infectious
74
disposable
only to be used once and then discarded
75
Transmission-Based Precautions
method of infection prevention used when caring for persons who are infected or may be infected with a disease
76
bloodborne pathogens
microorganisms found in human blood, body fluid, draining wounds, and mucous membranes that can cause infection and disease in humans
77
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma
78
tuberculosis (TB)
a highly contagious lung disease caused by a bacterium that is carried on mucous droplets suspended in the air; usually affects the lungs and causes coughing, trouble breathing, weight loss, and fatigue
79
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease)
a droplet and airborne disease transmitted through droplets and particles produced by an infected person; often characterized by respiratory symptoms and capable of progressing to severe symptoms, even death, especially in people who are older, have underlying health conditions, or are unvaccinated
80
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
bacteria
81
(Staphylococcus aureus)
that have developed resistance to many antibiotics
82
VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococcus)
bacteria (enterococci) that have developed resistance to the antibiotic vancomycin
83
Clostridioides difficile (C. diff, C. difficile)
a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill; it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon (colitis)

CNA (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions