Chapter 2 (page 2) Flashcards
(17 cards)
What was banned in the Mughal court?
Singing, dancing, and music were banned.
What was the maximum length of beards ordained in the Mughal court?
A maximum length of beards was ordained.
What ancient Hindu ritual was banned by Aurangzeb?
The ancient Hindu ritual of burning a widow on the funeral pyre, known as suttee, was banned.
What practice related to the Emperor’s public appearance was abolished?
The practice of the Emperor appearing in the balcony, or ‘darshan’, was abolished due to its analogy with idol worship.
What change occurred regarding the Emperor’s weighing in gold and silver?
The Emperor was no longer weighed in gold and silver.
What is Jizya?
Jizya is the state tax imposed on non-Muslims, introduced 21 years after Aurangzeb’s ascension.
Who was exempt from paying Jizya?
Jizya was not imposed on those who paid land revenue, served the empire, or on women and children.
Why were rebels not recruited into the Mughal army?
Rebels were not recruited due to a lack of trust.
What was the public sentiment towards Aurangzeb’s measures?
There was enormous resentment among the majority non-Muslim populace.
How did Aurangzeb’s policies differ from his ancestors?
Aurangzeb was seen as pious but less popular than his ancestors, especially Akbar.
What significant rebellions occurred during Aurangzeb’s reign?
The Hindu Jats of Mathura rebelled in 1669, the 9th and 10th Sikh Gurus rose against the Mughals, and Hindu Rajputs also rebelled.
What was the outcome of the Afghan rebellion in 1667?
The Afghan rebellion was suppressed by military pressure and diplomatic measures.
Who was Shivaji and what was his significance?
Shivaji, the leader of the Marathas, was a significant enemy of Aurangzeb and was pardoned after being captured.
What was one of the main causes for the decline of the Mughal Empire?
The prolonged conflict with the Marathas and the resulting financial strain contributed to the decline.
What was the impact of Aurangzeb’s policies on Hindu nationalism?
Aurangzeb’s state policies led to a surge in Hindu nationalism, contributing to the disintegration of the empire.
What challenge did the vastness of the Mughal Empire present?
The vastness made it difficult to administer, often delaying news of rebellions.
How did tax collection change during Aurangzeb’s reign?
Tax collection weakened due to the challenges of administration.
