Chapter 2 Proper Flashcards
(14 cards)
Who were the Mughals?
The Mughals were more Turkish than Mongol and ruled the Indian sub-continent for more than 200 years.
Who was the first Mughal ruler?
The first Mughal ruler was Babur, who took over after defeating Ibrahim Lodhi in the first battle of Panipat in 1526.
What did Babur decide to do after becoming ruler?
Unlike the Marhattas, Babur decided to settle down and build a dynasty.
Who was the second Mughal king?
Humayun was the second Mughal king, who spent much of his life fighting for the throne.
What was Akbar known for?
Akbar, the third Mughal Emperor, fought the second battle of Panipat and established a new religion called Din-i Ilahi.
What administrative system did Akbar set up?
He set up a civil and military administrative system called the ‘Mansabdari system.’
What were the repercussions of Akbar’s liberal views?
Akbar’s excessively liberal views had negative repercussions for his future successor, Aurangzeb.
What was a significant issue in the Mughal Empire?
There was always a battle for succession due to the absence of a law of primogeniture.
What technological gap affected the Mughal Empire?
The technological gap with the West was widening as they began developing new advanced weapons of warfare.
Who was Aurangzeb Alamgir?
Aurangzeb ruled from 1659-1707 and is considered controversial due to his Islamic religious orthodoxy in a majority Hindu country.
What led to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
The empire fell soon after Aurangzeb’s death due to the rise of Hindu nationalism and the emergence of Afghans in the north.
What was the Jizya tax?
The Jizya tax was a deeply disliked differential tax levied on non-Muslims, initially for protection in an Islamic state. Akbar had ended it, but Aurangzeb reintroduced it in 1679, leading to protests and disturbances.
What was Aurangzeb’s policy towards Hinduism?
Aurangzeb wanted an Islamic ambience in a majority Hindu country, which led to revolts and a rise in Hindu nationalism.
What administrative measures did Aurangzeb take?
Aurangzeb appointed ‘Muhtasibs,’ or censors of public morals, and banned the consumption of alcohol and other forbidden substances.
