Chapter 2, Pt 2

Question 1

Compounds that tend to NOT have both C and H together

Answer 1

Inorganic

Question 2

In the human body, glucose most commonly takes the form of a

Answer 2

Ring

Question 3

Glycogen is an example of a

Answer 3

Polysaccharide

Question 4

Essential chemicals that are normally obtained by the diet are called..

Answer 4

Nutrients

Question 5

Sucrose and lactose are examples of

Answer 5

Disaccharides

Question 6

Carbohydrates are primarily used to

Answer 6

Make energy

Question 7

Glucose and fructose are examples of

Answer 7

Monosaccharides

Question 8

Two monosaccharides form a

Answer 8

Disaccharide

Question 9

The ratio of C:H:O in a carbohydrate is roughly

Answer 9

1:2:1

Question 10

The basic unit of a carbohydrate is a

Answer 10

Monosaccharide

Question 11

Organic compounds contain

Answer 11

C and H

Question 12

Many monosaccharides joined together make a

Answer 12

Polysaccharide

Question 13

A ____ fatty acid has one or more double bonds connecting the carbons

Answer 13

Unsaturated

Question 14

A molecule that consists of a glycerol bonded to 3 fatty acids

Answer 14

Triglyceride

Question 15

A carboxyl group is

Answer 15

-COOH

Question 16

Steroids consist of a

Answer 16

Carbon ring framework

Question 17

Fatty acids contain a _____ group and a _____ chain

Answer 17

Carboxyl; hydrocarbon

Question 18

A ____ fatty acid has only single bonds connecting the carbons

Answer 18

Saturated

Question 19

A triglyceride is a

Answer 19

Lipid

Question 20

A phospholipid has a ____head and ____ tail

Answer 20

Hydrophilic; hydrophobic

Question 21

Similar to carbohydrates, lipids contain a ____ ration of C:H but have significantly less ____ than carbohydrates.

Answer 21

1:2; O

Question 22

Cell membranes are comprised mainly of ____ and proteins.

Answer 22

Phospholipids

Question 23

Components of amino acids that connect in a peptide bond

Answer 23

Carboxyl group and amino group

Question 24

Hemoglobin is an example of a

Answer 24

Protein

Question 25

What element is found in proteins but not in other organic molecules?

Answer 25

N

Question 26

_____ a protein causes it to unfold and revert to its primary or secondary structure.

Answer 26

Denaturing

Question 27

The primary structure of a protein is

Answer 27

A chain of amino acids

Question 28

The function of a protein is determined by its

Answer 28

Shape

Question 29

Structures of a protein that are like pleats or spirals formed by interactions amongst R groups

Answer 29

Secondary structure

Question 30

The structure of a protein that is the complex 3 dimensional shape of a fully folded protein

Answer 30

Tertiary structure

Question 31

Many amino acids bonded together form a

Answer 31

Polypeptide

Question 32

Every amino acid has a unique

Answer 32

R group

Question 33

What might cause a protein to denature?

Answer 33

High temperatures

Question 34

Proteins are made of Long chains of

Answer 34

Amino acids

Question 35

Two amino acids bonded together form a

Answer 35

Dipeptide

Question 36

Structure of a protein when more than one polypeptide chain unite together to form a protein complex

Answer 36

Quaternary structure

Question 37

The bonds that connect amino acids together within a protein

Answer 37

Peptide bonds

Question 38

Portion of an enzyme that binds to a substrate

Answer 38

Active sight

Question 39

Enzymes are examples of

Answer 39

Proteins

Question 40

Most common high-energy compound in our body is

Answer 40

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 41

The energy in a molecule of ATP is found in the

Answer 41

Phosphate-phosphate bonds

Question 42

When cells have extra energy, they often use it to

Answer 42

Add a phosphate to ADP to form ATP

Question 43

Not a component of ATP

Answer 43

Glycerol

Question 44

Not part of a nucleotide

Answer 44

Carboxyl group

Question 45

The sequence of nitrogenous bases within nucleic acids carries the information for…

Answer 45

Building a protein

Question 46

DNA and RNA are

Answer 46

Nucleic acids

Question 47

Only found in RNA

Answer 47

Uracil

Question 48

Only found in DNA

Answer 48

Thymine

Question 49

When connecting two nucleotides, bonds form between the

Answer 49

Sugar and phosphate

Question 50

Cytosine will pair with

Answer 50

Guanine

Question 51

Nucleic acids are formed from long chains of ____ chemically bonded to one another

Answer 51

Nucleotides

Question 52

Ribose is the sugar found in

Answer 52

RNA

Question 53

The ribbon-like structure in DNA

Answer 53

A sugar-phosphate backbone