Chapter 2 (Section 3)

Question 1

Frontal Lobe

Answer 1

An area of the cerebral cortex involved in higher-order cognitive processing, personality, and voluntary muscle movement

Question 2

Pons

Answer 2

Controls sleep and arousal

Question 3

Medulla

Answer 3

Controls breathing, heart rate and reflexes

Question 4

Occipital Lobe

Answer 4

An area of the cerebral cortex involved in visual perception

Question 5

Basal Ganglia

Answer 5

Coordinates with the thalamus and motor areas to plan movement.

Question 6

Thalamus

Answer 6

Transfers information to the appropriate structures in the forebrain

Question 7

Reticular Formation

Answer 7

Role in arousal and patterned movement.

Question 8

Hypothalamus

Answer 8

Involved in eating, drinking, sex, emotions, and stress. Role in controlling the endocrine system.

Question 9

Temporal Lobe

Answer 9

Involved in memory, processing sound, and language processing.

Question 10

Hippocampus

Answer 10

Role in memory.

Question 11

Parietal Lobe

Answer 11

An area of the cerebral cortex involved in sensory information, attention, and spatial location.

Question 12

Cererbral Cortex

Answer 12

The outermost layer of the brain responsible for complex functioning and consists of the four lobes.

Question 13

Cerebellum

Answer 13

Plays a role in motor coordination.

Question 14

Amygdala

Answer 14

Involved in fear and the discrimination of objects necessary for organism’s survival

Question 15

Hindbrain

Answer 15

Most primitive part of the brain that comprises the medulla, pons, and cerebellum, and work as a system for the most basic life-sustaining functions

Question 16

Midbrain

Answer 16

1. Located between the hindbrain and the forebrain
2. An area in which many nerve fibers systems ascend and descend to connect the hindbrain to the more sophisticated forebrain
3. Relays information between the brain, eyes and ears

Question 17

Forebrain

Answer 17

Includes the limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus and cerebral cortex that governs higher-ordered mental processes

Question 18

Corpus Callosum

Answer 18

A dense bundle of neurons that divides the 2 cerebral hemispheres of the brain and allows for communication or passing of information between the R & L hemispheres

Question 19

Contralateral

Answer 19

Brain is wired in a way that the right hemisphere governs the right side of the body and the left hemisphere governs the left side of the body

Question 20

Lateralization

Right Hemisphere

Answer 20

Dominates in processing nonverbal information such as spatial perception, visual recognition and processing information about emotions for ourselves and others

Question 21

Lateralization

Answer 21

Certain brain functions are found in only one hemisphere of the brain

Question 22

Lateralization

Left Hemisphere

Answer 22

Most people process languages and comprehend syntax on this side of the brain

Question 23

Hormones

Answer 23

Chemical messengers released by a set of glands within the body system

Question 24

The Endocrine System

Answer 24

Hormones are carried by the bloodstream to all parts of the body

Question 25

Pituitary Gland

Answer 25

The pea sized "master gland" of the endocrine system that controls the actions of all other glands in the body

Question 27

Gonads

Answer 27

Endocrine glands that directly affect sexual repoduction

Question 28

Testes

Answer 28

Produce sperm and androgens

Question 29

Ovaries

Answer 29

Produce female eggs (ova) and release estrogen

Question 30

Estrogen

Answer 30

Class of female hormones that regulate many aspects of sexuality and are found in both male and females

Question 31

Androgens

Answer 31

class of male sex hormones, made/released from the testes

Question 32

Adrenal Glands

Answer 32

1. Sit just above the kidneys 2. Important for regulating arousal and sexual behavior

Question 33

Adrenal Medulla

Answer 33

Releases norepinephrine and epinephrine when the sympathetic nervous system becomes active during times of stress and causes sympathetic reactions

Question 34

Adrenal Cortex

Answer 34

Produces androgens, male sex hormones that are found in both males and females

Question 35

Thyroid Gland

Answer 35

Regulates how energy is used in our bodies

Question 36

Pancreas

Answer 36

Regulates blood sugar levels

Question 37

Pineal Gland

Answer 37

Plays a role in sexual maturation and sleep cycle

Question 38

Chromosomes

Answer 38

Threadlike structures that come in 23 pairs from each parent that contains DNA

Question 39

Genes

Answer 39

Manufacture the proteins that are necessary or maintaining life

Question 40

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Answer 40

A complex molecule in the cell's chromosome that carries genetic information

Question 41

Dominant-Recessive Genes Principle

Answer 41

If one gene of a pair is dominant the dominant gene overrides the recessive gene

Question 42

Molecular Genetics

Answer 42

Field of study that involves the manipulation of genetics using technology to determine the effect on behavior

Question 43

Selective Breeding

Answer 43

involves choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with more desirable characteristics

Question 44

Genome-Wide Association Method

Answer 44

Helps scientist identify genes associated with particular disease

Question 45

Behavior Genetics

Answer 45

The study of the manner in which genetic variation affects psychological phenotypes/traits and behavior

Question 46

Gene x Evironment Interaction

Answer 46

Interactions between genes and the environment determine how genese are turned on or off and whether some are express at all