Chapter 20

Question 1

A long, elongate ridge of sand that parallels the coast

Answer 1

Barrier island

Question 2

A sandbar that completely crosses a bay, sealing it off from the main body of water

Answer 2

Bay mouth bar

Question 3

An accumulation of sediment found along the landward margin of the ocean or lake

Answer 3

Beach

Question 4

The transport of sediment in a zigzag pattern along a beach, caused by the uprush of water from obliquely breaking waves

Answer 4

Beach drift

Question 5

The wet, sloping surface that extends from the berm to the shoreline

Answer 5

Beach face

Question 6

A process in which large quantities of sand are added to the beach system to offset losses caused by wave erosion. Building beaches seaward improves beach quality and storm protection

Answer 6

Beach nourishment

Question 7

The dry, gently sloping zone on the back shore of a beach at the foot of coastal cliffs or dunes

Answer 7

Berm

Question 8

A structure that protects a near shore area from breaking waves

Answer 8

Breakwater

Question 9

A heavy sea wave that breaks into white foam on the shore or a shoal

Answer 9

Breakers

Question 10

A strip of land that extends inland from the coastline as far as ocean- related features can be found

Answer 10

Coast

Question 11

The coasts seaward edge. The landward limit of the effect of the highest storm waves on the shore.

Answer 11

Coastline

Question 12

The movement of tidal current away from the shore

Answer 12

Ebb current

Question 13

A clash where land formally below sea level has been exposed by crustal uplift or a drop in sea level has been exposed by crustal uplift orbs drop in sea level or both

Answer 13

Emergent coast

Question 14

A funnel shaped inlet of the sea that formed when a rise in sea level or subsidence of land caused the mouth of a river to be flooded

Answer 14

Estuary

Question 15

The portion of the shore that lies between the normal high and low water marks; the intertidal zone

Answer 15

Foreshore

Question 16

A short walk built at a right angle to the sea shore to trap moving sand

Answer 16

Groin

Question 17

A pair of structures extending into the ocean at the entrance to a harbor or river that are built for the purpose of protecting against storm waves and sediment deposition

Answer 17

Jetty

Question 18

A near shore current that flows parallel to the shore

Answer 18

Longshore current

Question 19

A terrace formed along a seashore by the merging of wave cut and wave built terraces

Answer 19

Marine terrace

Question 20

The lowest tidal rang, occurring near the times of the first and third quarters of the moon

Answer 20

Neap tide

Question 21

The zone of a beach that extends from the low tide shoreline seaward to where waves break at low tide

Answer 21

Nearshore

Question 22

The relatively flat submerged zone that extends from the breaker line to the edge of the continental shelf

Answer 22

Offshore zone

Question 23

An arch formed by wave erosion when caves in opposite sides of a headlined unite

Answer 23

Sea arch

Question 24

An isolated mass of rock standing just offshore, produced by wave erosion of a headland

Answer 24

Sea stack

Question 25

A barrier constructed to prevent waves from reaching the areas behind the wall. It's purpose is to defend property from the force of breaking waves

Answer 25

Seawall

Question 26

Seaward of the coast, a zone that extends from the highest level of wave action during storms to the lowest tide level

Answer 26

Shore

Question 27

The line that marks the contact between land and sea. It migrates up and down as the tide rises and falls.

Answer 27

Shoreline

Question 28

Am elongate ridge of sand that projects from the land into the mouth of an adjacent bay

Answer 28

Spit

Question 29

The highest tidal range. Occurs near the times of the new and full moons

Answer 29

Spring tide

Question 30

A coast whose form is largely a result of the perils drowning of a former land surface due to a rise of sea level or subsidence of crust, or both

Answer 30

Submergent coast

Question 31

The inner portion of the shore, lying landward of the high-third shoreline. It is usually dry, being affected by waves only during storms

Answer 31

Backshore

Question 32

A collective term for breakers; also the wave activity in the area between the shoreline and the outer limit of breakers

Answer 32

Surf zone

Question 33

The alternating horizontal movement of water associated with the rise and fall of the tide

Answer 33

Tidal current

Question 34

A delta like feature created when a rapidly moving tidal current emerges from a narrow inlet and slows, depositing its load of sediment

Answer 34

Tidal delta

Question 35

A marshy or muddy area that is alternately covered and uncovered by the resigned fall of the tide

Answer 35

Tidal flats

Question 36

The periodic change in elevation of the ocean surface

Answer 36

Tide

Question 37

A Ben n or shelf along a | Shore At sea level, cut by wave erosion

Answer 37

Wave-cut platform

Question 39

A seaward facing cliff along a steep shoreline formed by wave erosion at its base and mass wasting your

Answer 39

Wave-cut cliff

Question 40

The vertical distance between trough and crest of a wave

Answer 40

Wave height

Question 41

The horizontal distance separating successive crests or troughs

Answer 41

Wavelength

Question 42

The time interval between the passage of successive crests at a stationary point

Answer 42

Wave period

Question 43

A change in direction of waves as they enter shallow waters the portion of the wave in shallow water is slowed, which causes the waves to bend and align with the underwater contours

Answer 43

Wave refraction

Question 44

A ridge of sand that connects an island to the mainland or to another island

Answer 44

Tombolo