Chapter 20 A

Question 1

Chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are?

Answer 1

Peptide bonds

Question 2

Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by

Answer 2

Peptide bonds

Question 3

Keratin proteins are made of long chains of what? Link3d together end to end like beads

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

What type of bond forms when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent protein chains are joined together?

Answer 4

Disulfide bond

Question 5

The action of alkaline permanent waving lotion is to soften and do what to the hair?

Answer 5

Expand the hair

Question 6

The chemical action of what?, breaks down the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called reduction.

Answer 6

Waving lotion

Question 7

What hair type has a strong resistant cuticle and needs the additional swelling and penetration that is provided by a stronger and more highly alkaline waving solution?

Answer 7

Coarse

Question 8

What type of with a damaged cuticle layer is easily penetrated and could be further damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solution?

Answer 8

Porous

Question 9

The alkalinity of the perm chosen should correspond to the resistance strength and what of the cuticle layer?

Answer 9

Porosity

Question 10

What is the main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perms?

Answer 10

Ammonium thioglycolate

Question 11

What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid balanced waving lotions?

Answer 11

Glycerol monothioglycolate

Question 12

Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are?

Answer 12

Acid balanced waves

Question 13

What type of perm is activated by heat created chemically within the product?

Answer 13

Exothermic

Question 14

A perm activated by an outside heat source like a hooded dryer

Answer 14

Endothermic

Question 15

What type is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from a perm service?

Answer 15

Fine

Question 16

What type of hair usually requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?

Answer 16

Coarse

Question 17

The amount of processing should be determined by what?

Answer 17

Strength of the solution

Question 18

In permanent waving, the most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first how many minutes?

Answer 18

Five to ten minutes

Question 19

A properly processed permanent wave should break and rebuild approximately, what percent of the disulfide bonds?

Answer 19

50

Question 20

The hair will be to weak to hold a curl when to many of these bonds are broken. What are those bonds?

Answer 20

Disulfide

Question 21

If the hair is under processed, further processing will make it

Answer 21

Curlier

Question 22

Neutralization rebuilds, what bond that have been broken?

Answer 22

Disulfide

Question 23

The hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with the waving lotion and cause the hair to fade if the is not

Answer 23

Properly rinsed

Question 24

Always rinse the perm solution from the hair for at least how many minutes

Answer 24

5

Question 25

Some manufacturers recommend the application of a what? After blotting and before the application of the neutralizer

Answer 25

Pre-neutralizing conditioner

Question 26

What type of liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for five minutes or more prior to neutralization if hair is damaged?

Answer 26

Acidic

Question 27

Thio neutralization rebuilds the disulfide bonds by removing the what? That was added by the permanent waving solution

Answer 27

Hydrogen

Question 28

What test is effective for determining correct processing time; expected results; rod and wrap choice; how color will be affected; and if the hair will break,dry, or frizz?

Answer 28

Preliminary test curl

Question 29

Which type of rods have a smaller diameter in the center area gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends?

Answer 29

Concave

Question 30

Straight rods are equal in what? Along their entire length or curling area and produce a uniform curl along the entire width of the strand.

Answer 30

Diameter

Question 31

End papers are thin absorbent papers used to do what to the ends of the hair?

Answer 31

Control the ends

Question 32

This perm wrap is done with one end paper is placed under and one is placed over the strand of the hair being wrapped

Answer 32

Double flat wrap

Question 33

This end paper technique uses only one end wrap placed over the top of the strand of hair.

Answer 33

Single flat wrap

Question 34

When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope

Answer 34

Bookend wrap

Question 35

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels that are divided into subsection called

Answer 35

Base sections

Question 36

Base placement refers to the position of the rod in its relation to its What? And it’s determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped

Answer 36

Base section

Question 37

When the hair is wrapped 45 degrees passed its section what base placement is it?

Answer 37

On base

Question 38

What base placement is 90 degrees?

Answer 38

Half base placement

Question 39

What placement is when the hair is rolled 45 degrees below it’s section?

Answer 39

Off base placement

Question 40

The hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod which causes the hair to spiral

Answer 40

Spiral perm

Question 41

A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair

Answer 41

Double rod wrap

Question 42

The basic perm wrap is also called

Answer 42

Straight set

Question 43

What is the perm wrap that follows the curvature of the head

Answer 43

Curvature

Question 44

Which wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair?

Answer 44

Bricklayer

Question 45

The perm wrap that uses zigzag partings to divide base areas

Answer 45

Weave perm

Question 46

Perming only a section of a whole head of hair is called

Answer 46

Partial perm

Question 47

In order to make an easy transition to unwrapped section use a larger rod when wrapping what type of perm?

Answer 47

Partial perm

Question 48

Many male clients are looking for added what? When receiving a perm

Answer 48

Texture

Question 49

Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause severe discoloration, hair breakage or what else?

Answer 49

Uneven curls

Question 50

When performing a procedure for a preliminary test curl, wrap,some rod in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and where else?

Answer 50

Nape