Chapter 23: The Respiratory System Flashcards
(58 cards)
Components of the upper respiratory system
Nose, Nasa Cavity, Pharynx(throuat)
Lower Respiratory System
Larynx, Trachea, Right Main Bronchus, Lungs
– interconnecting cavities
and tubes both outside and within the lungs.
➢ Include: Nose, Nasal Cavity, Pharynx,
Larynx, Bronchi, Bronchioles, and Terminal
Bronchioles.
➢ Function: Filter, warm, moisten air and
conduct it into the lungs
CONDUCTING ZONE
tube and tissue within
the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
➢ Include: Respiratory bronchioles, Alveolar
ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli.
➢ Function: Site of gas exchange between air
and blood.
RESPIRATORY ZONE
What are the functions of respiratory System
Provide gas exchange: intake of O2 for delivery to
body cells and removal of CO2 produced.
* Regulate blood pH
* Receptor for sense of smell, filters inspired air,
produce vocal sounds (phonation), excrete small
amounts of water and heat.
superior attachment of the nose to
the frontal bone. (1)
ROOT
– tip of the nose (2)
Apex
– tip of the nose (2)
Apex
bony framework; formed by nasal
bones
➢ Bridge
Nostril; external
opening.(4)
External Naris
External Portion and Internal Portion
Nasal
Cavity
– Covered with muscle and skin,
lined with mucous membrane.
External Nose
several pieces
of hyaline cartilage connected by connective
tissue
Septal Nasal Cartilage – anterior of
the nasal septum.
o Lateral Nasal Cartilage
o Minor and Major Alar Cartilage –
form some parts of the nostrils.
Cartilaginous Framework
– divides the nasal cavity into
right and left sides.
Nasal Septum
Funnel shape, and extend to the larynx.
* Contraction of skeletal muscle assist in deglutition
or swallowing.
* Passageway for air and food.
* Provide resonating chamber for speech sounds.
* Houses Tonsils (participates in immunological
reaction to foreign invaders.
PHARYNX (Throat)
gives the
anterior wall a triangular shape. Present in both
male and female; larger in males due to the
hormone, testosterone.
Thyroid Cartilage (Adam’s apple)
– elevation of larynx cause it to move
down (during swallowing Pharynx and Larynx
widen.)
Epiglottis
- landmark for making an
emergency airway called tracheotomy.
- Cricoid Cartilage
aka windpipe, tubular passageway of
air.
- Trachea
goes to the
left and right lung, respectively.
Left and Right Main Bronchus
– more vertical, shorter
and wider. Objects are highly possible to
lodge.
➢ Right Main Bronchus
Right
lung has 2 lobes and the Left Lung has 2.
- Right and Left Lobar Bronchus
Flow of air, in and out of the lungs.
* Air flows between the atmosphere and the
alveoli. Due to alternating contraction and
relaxation by respiratory muscles.
PULMONARY VENTILATION OR BREATHING
Air moves into the lungs when air pressure
in the lungs is less than the air pressure in
the atmosphere and vice versa.
PRESSURE CHANGES DURING PULMONARY
VENTILATION
