chapter 24 - The Urinary System

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Urinary system?

Answer 1

Excretes excess albumin molecules

Question 2

Each of the following organs is part of the urinary system EXCEPT

Answer 2

Rectum

Question 3

Typical renal blood flow is about _______ percent of cardiac output under resting conditions

Answer 3

25

Question 4

All of the following are true of the kidneys EXCEPT that they are

Answer 4

Located partly within the pelvic cavity

Question 5

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Answer 5

Hilum

Question 6

The renal sinus is

Answer 6

An internal cavity lined by the fibrous capsule

Question 7

The cavity of the Kidney that receives urine from the calyces is called the

Answer 7

Renal Pelvis

Question 8

Triangular or conical structures located in the renal medulla are called

Answer 8

Renal Pyramids

Question 9

Renal columns are

Answer 9

Bundles of tissue that extend between pyramids from the cortex

Question 10

The expanded beginning of the ureter connects to the

Answer 10

Renal Pelvis

Question 11

Major calyces are

Answer 11

Large tributaries of the renal Pelvis.

Question 12

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term renal papilla?

Answer 12

Tip of the medullary pyramid

Question 13

ID the structure labeled “9”

Answer 13

Renal Pelvis

Question 14

ID the structure labeled “10”

Answer 14

Ureter

Question 15

ID the structure labeled “6”

Answer 15

Renal Column

Question 16

ID the structure labeled “8”

Answer 16

Renal Papilla

Question 17

ID the structure labeled “5”

Answer 17

Renal Pyramid

Question 18

The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the

Answer 18

Nephron loop

Question 19

The functional unit of the kidney is the

Answer 19

Nephrons

Question 20

Nephrons located close to the medulla with long nephron loops are called

Answer 20

Juxtamedullary Nephrons

Question 21

_____________ are essential to water conservation and the production of concentrated urine.

Answer 21

Juxtamedullary

Question 22

The glomerular capsule and the glomerulus make up the

Answer 22

Renal Corpuscle

Question 23

A glomerulus is

Answer 23

A knot of capillaries within the renal corpuscle

Question 24

The filtrate first passes from the glomerular capsule to the

Answer 24

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 25

The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the

Answer 25

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 26

The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is

Answer 26

Reabsorbing nutrients

Question 27

The process of filtration occurs at the

Answer 27

Glomerulus

Question 28

The efferent arteriole of the nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex call the

Answer 28

Peritubular

Question 29

The following is a list of the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidney

Answer 29

43261578

Question 30

The ______ is a capillary plexus that parallels the nephron loop

Answer 30

Vasa recta

Question 31

Each of the following is a normal constituent of urine EXCEPT

Answer 31

Proteins

Question 32

Substances secreted by the distal convoluted tubule include

Answer 32

All of the answers are correct

Question 33

Regarding kidney function, in __________, solutes are transported from the peritubular fluid epithelial into the tubular fluid

Answer 33

Secretion

Question 34

Regarding kidney function, in reabsorption,

Answer 34

Water and solutes are transported from the tubular fluid, across the tubular, epithelium, and into the peritubular fluid.

Question 35

Approximately ______ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day

Answer 35

180

Question 36

What physiological process occurs at the structure labeled "2"

Answer 36

Filtration

Question 37

Where does nutrition reabsorption occur

Answer 37

1

Question 38

Which structure is the collecting duct

Answer 38

6

Question 39

The filtration membrane in the Renal corpuscle consists of what three layers

Answer 39

Endothelium of glomerulus Dense layer of glomerulus Podocyte filtration slits

Question 40

The structure known as the juxtaglomerularapparatus is located near the

Answer 40

Glomerulus

Question 41

The process of filtration is driven by

Answer 41

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Question 42

Under normal conditions, glomerular filtration depends on three main pressures. which of these pressures is a pressure that favors the filtration process

Answer 42

Glomerular Hydrostatic pressure

Question 43

Which of the following formulas will allow you to calculate the net filtration pressure

Answer 43

FP=GHP- (CsHP + BCOP)

Question 44

Autoregulation of the rate of glomerular filtration has which of the following properties

Answer 44

All of the answers are correct

Question 45

One mechanism the kidney uses To raise systemic blood pressure is to

Answer 45

Increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular complex

Question 46

As the filtrate passes through the renal tubule's approximately what percentage is reabsorbed and return to circulation

Answer 46

99

Question 47

Tubular reabsorption involves all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 47

Phagocytosis

Question 48

The DCT Secretes hydrogen ions in exchange for sodium ions by the process of

Answer 48

Countertransport

Question 49

In response to increased levels of aldosterone the kidneys produce

Answer 49

Urine with lower concentration of sodium ions

Question 50

Countercurrent multiplication takes place in the

Answer 50

Nephron loop

Question 51

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term nephron loop

Answer 51

All of the answers are correct

Question 52

When the level of antidiuretic hormone decreases

Answer 52

More urine is produced and the osmolarity of the urine decreases

Question 53

The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of the

Answer 53

Both the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct

Question 54

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 54

Increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water

Question 55

A healthy adult typically produces ______ of urine per day

Answer 55

1200 mL

Question 56

Which of the tubules is impermeable to water

Answer 56

Ascending limb of the nephron loop

Question 57

Is an immediate life-threatening condition however if an individual survives the incident full recovery is often possible

Answer 57

Acute renal failure

Question 58

The inability of the kidney to excrete adequately to maintain homeostasis is termed

Answer 58

Renal failure

Question 59

Which of the following is characterized as a slow progressing disease that is irreversible

Answer 59

Chronic renal failure

Question 60

Urine passes in the order given through which of the following structures

Answer 60

``` Collecting duct renal pelvis ureter bladder urethra ```

Question 61

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by the _____ epithelium

Answer 61

Transitional

Question 62

The detrusor muscle

Answer 62

Compresses the urinary bladder and expels urine through the urethra

Question 63

The area of the urinary bladder bounded by the openings of the two ureters and the urethra is called the

Answer 63

Trigone