Chapter 24 Vocab Flashcards
Imaginary line that runs between the North and South Poles through the center of Earth biosphere: all of the living things on Earth
Axis
force of attraction that exists between all objects in the universe
Gravity
half of a sphere, such as half of planet Earth
Hemisphere
all of the water on Earth
Hydrosphere
region around a magnet over which it exerts magnetic force
Magnetic field
orbital movement of one object around another, such as the moon around Earth or Earth around the sun
Revolution
spinning of an object such as Earth on its axis
Rotation
bowl-shaped depression on the surface of the moon that is caused by the impact of a meteorite
Crater
surface features of an area
Landscape
of or relating to the moon
Lunar
dark-colored flat areas on the moon’s surface that are made up of ancient lava
Maria
fragment of a planetary body that strikes Earth’s surface
Meteorite
light-colored highlands on the moon’s surface
Terrae
thin layer of the sun’s atmosphere that lies directly above the photosphere and glows red
Chromosphere
layer of the sun that surrounds the radiative zone and through which energy moves by convection
Convection zone
dense metallic center of a planet such as Earth, or the innermost layer of the sun where nuclear fusion reactions take place
Core
outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere that consists of plasma and extends millions of kilometers into space
Corona
visible surface of the sun
Photosphere
high-energy, high-temperature state of matter that consists of charged ions instead of atoms
Plasma
layer of the sun surrounding the core where energy moves slowly by electromagnetic waves away from the core
Radiative
violent explosion on the sun’s surface
Solar flare
stream of radiation emitted by a solar flare that extends millions of kilometers out into space
Solar wind
relatively cool, dark area on the sun’s surface
Sunspot
phase of the moon in which the near side of the moon appears to be less than half lit; occurs between the new moon and the first or third quarter
Crescent moon
phase of the moon in which the near side of the moon appears to be more than half lit; occurs between the full moon and the first or third quarter
Gibbous moon
event in which Earth casts a shadow on the moon so the moon cannot be seen from anywhere on Earth
Lunar eclipse
outer part of a shadow where light is only partly blocked
Penumbra
event in which the moon casts a shadow on Earth so the sun cannot be seen from the area on Earth’s surface where the shadow falls
Solar eclipse
inner part of a shadow where light is completely blocked
Umbra
All of the living things on earth
Biosphere
