Chapter 26: Digestive System QUIZ 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the components of the gastrointestinal tract?
mouth
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine: appendix, colon, rectum
anus
What are the accessory organs of the GI tract?
teeth
tongue
salivary glands
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
What are the 6 steps in the processing of food?
- ingestion
- secretion
- mixing and propulsion
- digestion
- absorption
- defecation
What are the 2 types of digestion?
mechanical
chemical
What are the layers of the gut wall (from inside to outside)?
- mucosa
- submucosa
- muscularis
- serosa
What are the layers of the gut wall also called?
tunics
What kind of epithelium are in the mouth, esophagus and anal canal?
non-keratinized stratified squamous
What are the 3 layers of the mucosa?
- epithelium
- lamina propria
- muscularis mucosa
These are the smooth muscle fibers which produce the folds of the mucous membrane to increase the surface area
muscularis mucosa
The involuntary contractions of smooth muscle produce what?
peristaltic waves
What does the visceral peritoneum cover?
organs in the abdominal cavity
What lines the abdominal cavity?
parietal peritoneum
The peritoneal cavity is filled with what?
serous fluid
What are the folds of the intestines called?
mesentery
mesocolon
falciform ligament
lesser omentum
greater omentum
What are the functions of saliva?
moisten the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract
lubricate the food
begin digestion
kills bacteria as a first line of defense
What are the 3 salivary glands called?
parotic glands
submandibular glands
sublingual glands
What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx?
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
What are the 4 regions of the stomach?
cardia
fundus
body
pyloris
What is the partially digested food in the stomach called?
chyme
What are the curvatures of the stomach?
greater curvature
lesser curvature
What are the 4 secretory cells in the stomach mucosa?
chief cells
parietal cells
G cells
mucous cells
How does the muscularis of the stomach differ from the rest of the gut wall?
there is also an oblique layer to better churn the contents
What are the 3 regions of the small intestine?
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
What are the digestive enzymes in the small intestine?
protease - protein
lactase - sugar
nuclease - RNA/DNA
amalase - starch
