Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NURS 306 > Chapter 28: Diuretic Drugs > Flashcards

Chapter 28: Diuretic Drugs Flashcards

(46 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the 3 types of diuretic drugs?

A
  1. loop diuretics
  2. potassium-sparing diuretics
  3. thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diuretics

A

drugs that accelerate the rate of urine formation via a variety of mechanisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Result of diuretics is

A

the removal of sodium and water from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Loop Diuretics include

A

furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mechanism of Action: Loop Diuretics

A

blocks sodium reabsorption in the thick ascending loop of Henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Loop Diuretics: Drug Effects

A
  • Potent diuresis and subsequent loss of fluid
  • Decreased fluid volume
  • Potassium and sodium depletion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Loop Diuretics: Indications

A
  • Edema associated with HF or hepatic or renal disease
  • Hypertension
  • Hypercalcemia (calcium excretion by kidneys)
  • Congestive Heart Failure (from diastolic dysfunction)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Loop Diuretics: Adverse Affects to the CNS

A
  • blurred vision
  • dizziness
  • headache
  • tinnitus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Loop Diuretics: Adverse Affects to GI system

A

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Loop Diuretics: Adverse Affects to Integumentary System

A

stevens-johnson syndrome (torsemide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Loop Diuretics: Adverse Affects to Hematologic

A

Agranulocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Loop Diuretics: Adverse Affects to Metabolic System

A

hypokalemia, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

A

-amiloride
-spironolactone
-triamterene
aka aldosterone-inhibiting diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mechanism of Action: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

A

blocks aldosterone action in the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Drug Effects

A
  • Prevent potassium from being pumped into the tubule, thus preventing its secretion
  • Competitively block aldosterone receptors and inhibit their action
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Indications

A
  • spironolactone and triamterene:
    • Hyperaldosteronism
    • Hypertension
    • Reversing potassium loss caused by potassium-losing drugs
    • Certain cases of CHF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Adverse Effects on CNS

A

dizziness, headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Adverse Effects on GI

A

cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Adverse Effects on other systems

Study These Flashcards
A

urinary frequency, weakness, and hyperkalemia

20
Q

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Adverse Effects due to spironolactone

Study These Flashcards
A

gynecomastia, irregular menses

21
Q

Thiazide diuretics include

Study These Flashcards
A
  • hydrochlorothiazide

- Chlorothiazide

22
Q

Thiazide-like diuretics include

Study These Flashcards
A
  • metolazone
  • chlorthalidone
  • indapamide
23
Q

Mechanism of Action: Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics

Study These Flashcards
A

Inhibit tubular resorption of sodium, chloride, and potassium ions

24
Q

Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Drug Effects

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Works primarily in the distal convoluted tubule
  • Excretion of water, sodium, and chloride
  • Lowered peripheral vascular resistance
25
Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Indications
- Hypertension - Edema - Hypercalciuria - Congestive Heart failure - Ascites related to HF, hepatic cirrhosis
26
Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Adverse Effects on CNS
dizziness, headache, blurred vision
27
Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Adverse Effects on GI
anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
28
Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Adverse Effects on GU
impotence
29
Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Adverse Effects on Hematologic
jaundice, leukopenia
30
Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Adverse Effects on integumentary
urticaria, photosensitivity
31
Thiazide and Thiazide-like Diuretics: Adverse Effects on metabolic system
hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hyponatremia
32
Nursing Process: Assess
- perform thorough patient history and physical examination - assess baseline fluid volume status, intake and output, serum electrolyte values, weight, and vital signs—especially postural BPs - Assess for disorders that may contraindicate or necessitate cautious use of these drugs
33
During diuretic therapy, the nurse should
- instruct patients to take the medication in the morning if possible to avoid interference with sleep patterns - monitor serum potassium levels during therapy - monitor adverse effects - monitor for therapeutic effects
34
What should the nurse teach the patient going through diuretic drug therapy?
- teach patients to maintain proper nutritional and fluid volume status - to eat more potassium-rich foods when taking anything but the potassium-sparing drugs
35
Food high in potassium include
bananas, oranges, dates, apricots, raisins, broccoli, green beans, potatoes, meats, fish, and legumes
36
Patients taking diuretics along with a digitalis preparation should
be taught to monitor for digitalis toxicity
37
Patients with diabetes mellitus who are taking thiazide and/or loop diuretics should
be told to monitor blood glucose and watch for elevated levels
38
Why should a nurse teach patients to change positions slowly and to rise slowly after sitting or lying down?
to prevent dizziness and fainting related to orthostatic hypotension
39
The nurse should encourage patients to
keep a log of their daily weight and remind them to return for follow-up visits and lab work.
40
Patients who have been ill with nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea should
-notify their primary care provider because fluid and electrolyte balances can result.
41
Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia include
muscle weakness, constipation, irregular pulse rate, and overall feeling of lethargy
42
What should the nurse advise the patient to do if they are experiencing rapid heart rates or syncope (reflects hypotension or fluid loss)?
to notify their primary care provider immediately
43
Excessive consumption of licorice can lead to
additive hypokalemia in patients taking thiazides
44
What should the nurse monitor for in patients taking potassium-sparing diuretics?
hyperkalemia
45
Adverse Effects when taking Diuretics
Metabolic alkalosis, drowsiness, lethargy, hypokalemia, tachycardia, hypotension, leg cramps, restlessness, decreased mental alertness
46
When monitoring for therapeutic effects of diuretic therapy, the nurse should look at...
- Reduction of edema - Reduction of fluid volume overload - Improvement in manifestations of heart failure - Reduction of hypertension - Return to normal intraocular pressures

NURS 306 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions