Chapter 3 Flashcards
-algia
pain
-dynia
pain
pleurodynia
pain in the chest wall muscles that is aggravated by breathing
-ectomy
excision, removal
-tomy
incision, cutting into
-stomy
creating a new opening
-gram
record
-graph
instrument for recording
-graphy
process of recording
-itis
inflammation
-logy
study of
-lysis (important)
breakdown, destruction, separation
-malacia
softening
-megaly (important)
enlargement
-oma
tumor, mass, collection of fluid
-opsy
to view
-osis
condition, usually abnormal
-pathy
disease
-penia
deficiency
-phobia
irrational fear
-plasia
development, formation, growth
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-ptosis (important)
drooping, sagging, prolapse
-sclerosis
hardening
-scope
instrument for visual examination
-scopy
process of visual examination
-stasis
stopping, controlling, location
-therapy
treatment
-trophy
development, nourishment
-er
one who
-ia
condition
-ist
specialist
-ole
little, small
-ule
little, small
-um, -ium
structure, tissue
-us
structure, substance
-y
condition, process
-ac, -iac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic, -ical, -ous, -tic
pertaining to
-genic
pertaining to producing, produced by or in
-oid
resembling
-ose
pertaining to, full of
psychosis plural
psychoses
ovum plural
ova
vertebra pleural
vertebrae
bronchus pleural
bronchi
spermatozoon pleural
spermatozoa
apex pleural
apices
amniocentesis
withdrawal of the fluid that surrounds the embryo for culture and karyotyping
karyotype= individuals collection of chromosomes
pharyngeal tonsil
(pharynx, adenoids)
lymphatic tissue attached to back of the nasopharynx
palatine tonsil
(palate)
pair of soft tissue masses attached to the back of the throat
lingual tonsil
(tongue)
lymphatic tissue located at root of the tongue
epiglottis
(over + vocal cords)
small moveable lid just above larynx to prevent food or drink from going down air pipe
tonsillitis (important)
inflamed tonsils (lymphatic tissues in the back of the throat)
uvula (important)
projection from the middle of the top of the soft palate
splenomegaly (important)
enlarged spleen
occurs with development of high pressure on the spleen
causes: infectious mononucleosis, some parasitic diseases, leukemias
achondroplasia
type of dwarfism characterized by short limbs, normal-sized head and body, and normal intelligence
“without cartilage formation”
blepharoptosis (important)
drooping eyelids
drooping of upper eyelids can affect one or both eyes
arteriole (important)
small artery (arteries carry blood rich in oxygen from the heart to the organs)
venule (important)
small vein that carry oxygen poor blood
nephropathy
disease of the kidneys
osteogenic
pertaining to produced in/by bone
necrotic
pertaining to the death of cells
necro- = death of cells
hernia
protrusion of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it
erythrocytes (important)
red blood cells
transports oxygen from lungs to all body tissues
erythropenia (important)
deficiency of RBCs
leukocytes (important)
white blood cells
lacks hemoglobin
granulocytes (important)
most numerous of WBCs, rid body of various infections, continuously produced from stem cells in bone marrow
basophils (granulocyte)
induce allergic inflammatory response
eosinophils (granulocyte)
destroy parasites; help with inflammatory response
neutrophils (granulocyte)
one of the first cell types to arrive at site of infection where they engulf the infectious microorganisms and consumes it
mononuclear leukocytes
move from blood to sites of infection where they fight the infection
lymphocytes
determine immune response to infectious microorganisms and other foreign substances
monocytes
clean up cellular debris from sites of infections; direct destruction of pathogens
thrombocytes (important)
platelets; prevention and control of bleeding
leukocytosis
elevation in numbers of normal white blood cells in response to an infection
aplastic anemia
bone marrow failure; body stops producing enough new RBCs; uncontrolled bleeding
sickle cell anemia
not enough healthy RBCs to carry oxygen throughout body
ischemia
loss of normal blood flow to a part of the body
myocardial infarction (important)
heart attack resulting from ischemia; loss of blood supply to heart causing dead tissue
acromegaly (important)
endocrine disorder marked by excessive amount of growth hormone after the completion of puberty
tracheotomy (important)
incisions into the trachea typically done to open a blockage; may be performed to remove a foreign body or to obtain a biopsy specimen
tracheostomy (important)
opening into the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted
streptococcus (important)
group of twisted bacteria that grow in chains or clusters
staphylococcus (important)
berry shaped bacteria that grow in chains or clusters
diplococci
gram negative bacteria
abdomin/o
abdomen
acr/o
extremities, top, extreme point
acu/o
sharp, severe, sudden
aden/o
gland
adip/o
fat
amni/o
amnion (sac surrounding the embryo in the uterus)
angi/o
vessel
arteri/o
artery
arthr/o
joint
axill/o
armpit
