Chapter 3

Question 1

Tourism system

Answer 1

demand, supply, geographical space, market operators

Question 2

tourist resources

Answer 2

component supply -> attractions and services that draw visitors to a destination

Question 3

operating sectors

Answer 3

core of tourism (public)
includes transportation, accommodation, food, entertainment

Question 4

built environment

Answer 4

infrastructure: locals and tourists - roads, water systems, communication networks
superstructure: tourists - airports, train stations, parking lots, marines

Question 5

current resources

Answer 5

already tourist operations (beaches?)

Question 6

potential resource

Answer 6

possible to become future resource (new cave)

Question 7

core resource

Answer 7

essential elements supporting main activities) (Eiffel Tower)

Question 8

complementary resource

Answer 8

enhance existing attractions but lack standalone (markets)

Question 9

non-renewable resource

Answer 9

limited availability, reduced with use (parks)

Question 10

renewable resource

Answer 10

sustainable usable if consumption stays within capacity

Question 11

tourist supply

Answer 11

people, businesses and organizations that provide services and products for tourism

Question 12

tourism spending categories (5 main)

Answer 12

accomodation, food, transport, leisure/sport, shopping

Question 13

final providers (private sector)

Answer 13

directly offer services (hotel)

Question 14

intermediaries (private sector)

Answer 14

help connect providers and customers (travel agents, tour companies, online booking systems)

Question 15

distribution process

Answer 15

groups that connect buyers (tourists) with sellers (providers), organizing packages or acting as middlemen

Question 16

tour wholesales

Answer 16

pre-packaged tours

Question 17

GDS

Answer 17

Global Distribution System
-> real-time inventory for flights and hotels

Question 18

CRS

Answer 18

Central Reservation System
-> managing provider reservations

Question 19

IDS

Answer 19

Internet Distribution System
-> online platforms for direct bookings (booking.com)

Question 20

destination positioning

Answer 20

global analysis helps destinations compete internationally, adapt offerings, plan for specific markets

Question 21

tourism challenges

Answer 21

sustainability, recourse shortages, poverty reduction, health risks, shifting flows (events)

Question 22

IGOs

Answer 22

International Government Organizations
-> working on global issues (UNWTO)

Question 23

World Tourism Barometer

Answer 23

UNWTO, tracks arrivals, expenditure -> offering insights for decision-making

Question 24

NGOs

Answer 24

Non-Governmental Organizations
-> independent organizations focussing on specific aspects, often related to sustainability

Question 25

Business Associations

Answer 25

organizations bring together stakeholders from various sectors (WTTC)

Question 26

WTTC

Answer 26

World Travel and Tourism Council -> represents private sector and emphasize importants of tourism to global economy

Question 27

5 pillars to tourism

Answer 27

1. innovation and digital transformation 2. competitiveness 3. job creation 4. resilience and safety 5. cultural heritage protection

Question 28

Characteristic affecting destination development (Pearce, 1989)

Answer 28

1. physical (location, climate, landscape) 2. social/cultural (culture, heritage, demographics) 3. political (government ideology, role public sector) 4. economic (systems, investment capital, prices)

Question 29

tourism destination

Answer 29

psysical space where visitors can spend nights. can form part of lager network

Question 30

amalgams (tourism destination)

Answer 30

core set of components - attractions (draw visitors) - amenities (hotel, restaurants, shops) - access (transportation) - ancillary (support, guides)

Question 31

cultural appraisals

Answer 31

visitos decide; safe, secure, well-managed

Question 32

inseparability

Answer 32

destination itself, need to be there (over tourism)

Question 33

multiple use of destination

Answer 33

both local and tourists (planning)

Question 34

competitiveness

Answer 34

external environmental changes, shifting consumer preferences, positioning, innovating

Question 35

SDG

Answer 35

Sustainable Development Goals

Question 36

rural depopulation

Answer 36

fewer people living in rural areas

Question 37

circular economy

Answer 37

minimizing waste, maximizing lifespan resources

Question 38

smart tourism

Answer 38

technology to improve travel experiences, offer personalized services, and enhance destination management (segittur)

Question 39

Segittur

Answer 39

working on developing smart tourism destinations

Question 40

Operating sector - franchise

Answer 40

let someone else run a branch of business (no own)

Question 41

Operating sector - management

Answer 41

take care of daily operations (no own)

Question 42

operating sector - property

Answer 42

actual building (by owner)