Chapter 3

Question 1

Abolitionism

Answer 1

The movement to abolish slavery

Question 2

Blauner Hypothesis

Answer 2

A hypothesis that states that minority groups created by colonization will experience more intense prejudice, racism, and discrimination than those created by immigration. The disadvantaged status of colonized groups will persist longer and be more difficult to overcome than the disadvantaged status faced by groups created by immigration

Question 3

Caste System

Answer 3

A closed system of stratification with no mobility between positions. A person’s class at birth is permanent and unchangeable

Question 4

Colonized Minority Groups

Answer 4

Groups whose initial contact with the dominant group was through conquest or colonization

Question 5

Chattel

Answer 5

An item of personal property. In a system of chattel slavery, slaves were defined by law not as persons but as the personal property of their owners

Question 6

Competition

Answer 6

A situation in which two or more parties struggle for control of some scarce resource

Question 7

Differential in Power

Answer 7

Any different between two or more groups in their ability to achieve their goals

Question 8

Ethnocentrism

Answer 8

Judging other groups, societies, or cultures by the standards of one’s own

Question 9

Immigrant Minority groups

Answer 9

Groups whose initial contact with the dominant group was through immigration

Question 10

Indentured Servants

Answer 10

Contract laborers who are obligated to serve a particular master for a specified length of time

Question 11

Noel hypothesis

Answer 11

A theory about the creation of minority groups that asserts that if two or more groups come together in a contact situation characterized by ethnocentrism, competition, and a differential in power, some form of racial or ethnic stratification will result

Question 12

Paternalism

Answer 12

A form of dominant-minority relations often associated with plantation-based, labor-intensive agrarian technology. In paternalistic relations, minority groups are extremely unequal and highly controlled. Rates of overt conflict are low

Question 13

Plantation System

Answer 13

A labor-intensive form of agriculture that required large tracts of large and a large, cheap labor force. This was the dominant form of agricultural production in the American South before the Civil War