Chapter 3 Flashcards
Impulsive and non-impulsive groups and homicide (Virkkunen & Linnoila)
impulsive: psychopaths commit premeditated homicides
non-impulsive: non-psychopaths who commit murders
Inhibited and non-inhibited children and aggression (Reiss & Roth)
extroverts are more likely than introverts, because of the biological differences in their nervous systems, to be involved in antisocial behavior.
Mental illness and types of killers (Souza)
As far as the criminal courts are concerned, insanity is a legal term, not a psychiatric distinction and is used to define the state of mind of an offender at the time of the offense.
Many mass murderers, unlike serial killers, have a history of mental illness.
most mass murderers were found to have had several major life events that precipitated the murders.
How is insanity defined?
“mentally ill,” “sick,”” deranged,” “crazy,” “mental problems,” psychiatric disorders - each term describes abnormal behavior
What is dissociative identity disorder, dissociative fugue, and depersonalization disorder?
Dissociative Identity Disorder: Multiple Personality Disorder-personality disorder where the patients have different multiple personalities to suppress unbearable memories from their childhood
Amnesia: a loss of memory due to psychological reasons rather than organic problems, is considered to be rare and can be triggered by highly stressful events such as war and natural disasters
Dissociative Fugue: as temporary psychological “flight,” or psychological disturbance, precipitated by a traumatic events
Depersonalization Disorder: disconnection from ones identity
these people feel as if they have no control over their thoughts and actions
How did Freud conceptualize the id, ego, and superego?
Id: represents the primal component of a person’s mental state, driving force for the necessities to sustain life, including food, water, and sex
Ego: develops from birth and serves to guide individuals’ behavior to confirm to rules, laws, and community standards
Superego: the of moral standards and values learned within the family and community, which to some degree have been internalized
The superego sits in the judgment of a person’s behavior
The id and the superego generally oppose each other: The id seeks pure pleasure and the superego strives for morality and acceptable ethics
The ego, the arbitrator of the personality triad, constantly seeks to mediate between the two forces and generally provides a compromise
Factor 1 and 2 characteristics in Hare’s Psychopathy Checklist
Factor 1 (Tools):
Glibness/superficial charm
Grandiose sense of self-worth/narcissism
Pathological lying
Conning, manipulative behavior
Lack of remorse or guilt
Shallow affect
Callousness/lack of empathy
Failure to accept responsibility for actions
Factor 2 (Deficits):
Need for stimulation/proneness to boredom
Parasitic lifestyle
Poor behavioral controls
Early behavioral problems
Lack of realistic, long-term goals
Impulsivity
Irresponsibility
Juvenile delinquency
Revocation of conditional releaseRelationship between head trauma and violence
If one experiences head trauma, one could be diagnosed with a concussion which could lead to violence due to brain damage
Characteristics of psychopath
CONTROL/POWER LOVING AND HATING ARE SIMILAR FORMS OF ATTACHMENT FRUSTRATION/AGGRESSION FANTASY ABANDONMENT/REJECTION INTIMACY: THE HOLY GRAIL OF BEING HUMAN
Differences between psychopath and sociopath (characteristics)
SOCIOPATHS: LONG HISTORY OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR AVERAGE TO BELOW AVERAGE INTELLIGENCE ANTI-SOCIAL EXPLOSIVE TEMPERMENT LIMITED IN SOCIAL SKILLS PSYCHOPATHS: AVERAGE TO ABOVE AVERAGE INTELLIGENCE LITTLE OR NO CRIMINAL HISTORY ANTI-SOCIAL ADAPTIVE SOCIAL SKILLS LIMITED OR NO VISIBLE EMOTIONAL RESPONSES
Understanding of antisocial personality disorder and conduct disorder
Cognition (perception and interpretation of self, other people, and events)
Affectivity (range, intensity, and appropriateness of emotional response)
Interpersonal functioning
Impulse control
New manual for psychiatrists
DSM IV
Eysenck’s view of criminality
from a biosocial perspective, argued that criminal behavior, including homicide, stems from both interactions of environmental conditions and inherited personality traits.
attributed criminality to persons born with nervous system characteristics that are distinct from “normal” people. In turn, these characteristics interfere with their ability to conform to the rules, values, and laws of society.
extroverts are more likely than introverts, because of the biological differences in their nervous systems, to be involved in antisocial behavior.
most people avoid antisocial behavior because they have been trained to recognize the negative consequences.
