Chapter 3 Flashcards

(55 cards)

1
Q

An ____ is a problem, situation,
or opportunity that requires an individual
or group to choose among actions

A

ethical issue

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2
Q

What mindset leads companies to ignore ethical issues?

A

The perception that business is a game to be won.

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3
Q

Uncompromising adherence to

ethical values

A

integrity

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4
Q

How does integrity relate to virtue?

A

One of the most important terms relating to virtue

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5
Q

Truthfulness or trustworthiness, to the best of one’s knowledge

A

honesty

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6
Q

A lack of integrity, incomplete

disclosure, or an unwillingness to tell the truth

A

dishonesty

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7
Q

The quality of being just, equitable,

and impartial

A

fairness

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8
Q

How wealth or income is distributed

A

equitableness

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9
Q

Occurs when an action that has an

effect upon another is returned

A

reciprocity

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10
Q

The tradeoff between equity and

efficiency

A

optimization

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11
Q

a is a problem, situation, or
opportunity that requires an individual or group
to chose among several wrong or unethical
actions

A

ethical dilemmas

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12
Q

How many ethical choices in an ethical dilemmas

A

None

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13
Q

What is the leading form of observed misconduct

A

misuse of company resources

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14
Q

What is a major part of misuse of company resources

A

time theft (billions of dollars annually)

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15
Q

What is one of the most common ethical problems

A

aggressive behavior and intimidation

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16
Q

What are some examples of aggressive behavior and intimidation?

A

Can be physical threats, false accusations,
profanity, insults, harshness, ignoring
someone, or unreasonableness

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17
Q

What is an important metric in determining abuse?

A

intent

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18
Q

What is a growing problem

that Is associated with a hostile workplace

A

bullying

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19
Q

What are the three types of lying?

A

Joking w/o malice
Commission Lying
Omission Lying

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20
Q

is creating a false
perception with words that deceive the
receiver–Creating noise

A

commission lying

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21
Q

is intentionally not
informing channel members of problems
relating to a product that affects awareness,
intention, or behavior

A

omission lying

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22
Q

What exist when an individual must choose
whether to advance his/her personal
interests, those of the organization, or
some other group

A

conflicts of interest

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23
Q

How can a person avoid conflicts of interest

A

Individuals must separate personal interests

from business dealings

24
Q

The practice of offering something in

order to gain an illicit advantage

25
The person who promises or | gives the bribe commits the offense
active bribery
26
An offense committed by the | official who receives the brib
passive bribery
27
What are payments made to retain or obtain business/advantage--must be small
facilitation payments
28
What is the collection and analysis of information | on markets, technologies, customers, and competitors, as well as on socioeconomic and external political trends
Corporate Intelligence
29
What are the three corporate intelligence models?
 Passive monitoring system for early warning  Tactical field support  Support dedicated to top management strategy
30
A company can be sued for discrimination if | it
 Refuses to hire an individual for discriminatory reasons  Unreasonably excludes an individual from employment  Unreasonably discharges an individual  Discriminates against an individual with respect to hiring, employment terms, promotion, or privileges 18 © 2015 Cengage Learning. All ri
31
A repeated, unwanted behavior of a sexual nature perpetrated upon an individual by another
Sexual Harassment
32
What does Sexual Harassment entail?
Hostile work environment
33
What are the three criteria for a hostile work environment
 The conduct was unwelcome  The conduct was severe, pervasive, and regarded by claimant as hostile/offensive  The conduct was such that a reasonable person would find it hostile or offensive
34
A personal, loving, and/or sexual relationship with someone with whom you share professional responsibilities
dual relationship
35
The relationship causes a conflict of interest or impairment of professional judgment
unethical dual relationship
36
What does a firm need to avoid sexual harassment?
``` Statement of policy 2. Definition of sexual harassment 3. Non-retaliation policy 4. Specific procedures for prevention 5. Establish, enforce, and encourage victims to report 6. Establish a reporting procedure 7. Timely reporting requirements to the proper authorities ```
37
Any purposeful communication that deceives, manipulates, or conceals facts in order to create a false impression
fraud
38
 Misrepresentation of company’s financial reports  Dramatic changes in accounting field  Increased competition and pressures to perform can create opportunities for misconduct  Accountants should abide by a strict code of ethics
accounting fraud
39
The process of dishonestly creating, distributing, promoting, and pricing products
marketing fraud
40
Claims can be divided into tests prove (establishment claims) and bald assertions (non-establishment claims)
literally false
41
An advertising message that | misleads, confuses, or deceives the public
implied falsity
42
Exaggerated advertising claims, | blustering, and boasting
puffery
43
When consumers attempt to deceive | businesses for personal gain
consumer fraud
44
What are some examples of consumer fraud?
Price tag switching, item switching, or lying to | obtain discount
45
involves an employee who helps a | consumer commit fraud
collusion
46
involves a consumer duping a | store
duplicity
47
is associated with a person who uses | tricks to obtain an unfair advantage
guile
48
What caused the recent financial crisis?
The failure to understand and manage ethical risks was a key problem in the recent financial crisis
49
What are the two types of insider trading?
Legal and illegal
50
Involves legally buying and selling stock in an insider’s own company, but not all the time
legal insider trading
51
The buying or selling of stocks by insiders who possess material that is not public
illegal insider trading
52
Involve the legal protection of intellectual | properties
Intellectual Property
53
 Employee use of technology  Consumer privacy  Can be challenging for businesses today to meet the needs of consumers while protecting privacy
privacy issues
54
Most ethical issues become visible through
stakeholder concerns
55
The ethical decision making process starts | when
ethical issue awareness occurs and a | discussion begins