Chapter 3

Question 1

STP

Answer 1

Standard temperature and Pressure

Question 2

Solid

Answer 2

Has its own definite shape and volume

Incompressible

Question 3

What happens to particles when in a solid

Answer 3

Tightly packed

Question 4

What happens to a solid when heated

Answer 4

Expands slightly

Question 5

Substance

Answer 5

Matter with an uniform and unchanging composition

Question 6

Pure substance

Answer 6

Consisting of one type of material

Question 7

Liquid

Answer 7

A form of matter that flows has constant volume and takes the shape of its container

Question 8

What do liquid particles do

Answer 8

Move past each other

Incompressible

Question 9

States of matter

Answer 9

Solid liquid gas plasma

Question 10

What happens to liquids when heated

Answer 10

Expands

Question 11

Gas

Answer 11

A form of matter that not only flows to conform to the shape of its container but also fills the entire volume of the container

Question 12

What are the particles like in a gas

Answer 12

Far apart

Question 13

Are gases compressed or incompressible

Answer 13

Compressed easily

Question 14

Gas refers to what

Answer 14

A substance that is naturally in the gaseous stare at room temperature

Question 15

Vapor

Answer 15

Refers to the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or a liquid at room temp

Question 16

Physical property

Answer 16

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition

Question 17

What do physical properties do

Answer 17

Describe a pure substance

Question 18

Extensive properties

Answer 18

Dependent on the amount of a substance present

Question 19

Intensive properties

Answer 19

Independent of the amount of substance present

Question 20

Chemical property

Answer 20

Ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances

Question 21

Physical change

Answer 21

A change which alters a substance without changing its composition

Question 22

Phase change

Answer 22

A transition of matter from one state to another

Question 23

Chemical change

Answer 23

One or more substances changing into new substances

Question 24

Reactants

Answer 24

Stating substances

Question 25

Products

Answer 25

New substance formed

Question 26

What does a chemical reaction always do

Answer 26

Produces a change in properties

Question 27

Law of conversation of mass

Answer 27

Mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction it is conserved Mass reactants = mass products

Question 28

Mixture

Answer 28

A combination of tow or more substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties

Question 29

What is the composition of mixtures

Answer 29

Variable

Question 30

How many number of mixtures can be created

Answer 30

Infinite

Question 31

Heterogenous mixture

Answer 31

A mixture that does not blend smoothly throughout and in which the individual substances remain distinct

Question 32

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 32

A mixture that has constant composition throughout. Always have a single phase

Question 33

Alloy

Answer 33

A homogeneous mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and a nonmetal in which the metal substance is the main component

Question 34

What increases the hardness of a metal

Answer 34

Carbon

Question 35

Filtration

Answer 35

A technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid

Question 36

Distillation

Answer 36

A technique that is based on differences in the boiling points involved

Question 37

Crystallization

Answer 37

A separation technique that results in the formation of our soild particles or a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance

Question 38

Sublimation

Answer 38

Soild changes to vapor without melting

Question 39

Chromatography

Answer 39

Separates the components or a mixture based on the ability of each component to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material

Question 40

Element

Answer 40

A pure substance that Cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means

Question 41

How many elements occur naturally

Answer 41

92

Question 42

Period table

Answer 42

Organizes the elements into a grid of horizontal rows called periods and verity cal columns called groups or families

Question 43

Compound

Answer 43

Made up of two or more different elements that are combined chemically

Question 44

Law of definite proportions

Answer 44

A compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass no matter how large or small

Question 45

Percent by mass

Answer 45

The ration or the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound expressed as a percentages

Question 46

Percent by mass equation

Answer 46

% = mass of element/ mass of compound * 100

Question 47

Law or multiple proportions

Answer 47

That when different compounds are formed by a combination of the same elements different masses of one element combine with robe same relative mass or the other element in a ratio or a small whole number