Chapter 3

Question 1

the study of cells

Answer 1

cytology

Question 2

major structural parts of the cell

Answer 2

cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Question 3

cell membrane proteins

Answer 3

integral, peripheral

Question 4

lie loosely on the inner and outer surface of the cell membrane

Answer 4

integral

Question 5

inserted into and extend across the lipid bilayer

Answer 5

peripheral

Question 6

coats white blood cells for traction

Answer 6

selectin

Question 7

grabs WBC and tells it where to go

Answer 7

integrin

Question 8

gel like material between the nucleus and cell membrane

Answer 8

cytoplasm

Question 9

protein synthesis

Answer 9

rough er

Question 10

lipid synthesis

Answer 10

smooth er

Question 11

packaging and transport of proteins

Answer 11

Golgi apparatus

Question 12

atp production

Answer 12

mitochondria

Question 13

storage of various materials

Answer 13

vesicles

Question 14

storage of water

Answer 14

vacuole

Question 15

breakdown materials inside the cell

Answer 15

lysosomes

Question 16

protein synthesis

Answer 16

ribosomes

Question 17

cell division

Answer 17

centrosome

Question 18

releases hydrogen peroxide and catalase to decompose it

Answer 18

peroxisomes

Question 19

regulates movement of material between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 19

nuclear envelope

Question 20

loosely coiled strand of DNA and protein

Answer 20

chromatin

Question 21

contains genetic material DNA which directs all cell activities

Answer 21

nucleus

Question 22

movement of molecules or ions from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Answer 22

simple diffusion

Question 23

movement of molecules from high to low using a protein carries to cross a membrane

Answer 23

facilitated diffusion

Question 24

movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration of water

Answer 24

osmosis

Question 25

equal osmotic pressure inside and out

Answer 25

isotonic

Question 26

solutions that have a higher osmotic pressure

Answer 26

hypertonic

Question 27

solutions that have a lower osmotic pressure

Answer 27

hypotonic

Question 28

movement of a substance through a membrane by hydrostatic pressure

Answer 28

filtration

Question 29

process by which larger molecules enter the cell

Answer 29

endocytosis

Question 30

"cell eating" solid materials

Answer 30

phagocytosis

Question 31

"cell drinking" liquid materials

Answer 31

pinocytosis

Question 32

process by which large molecules exit the cell

Answer 32

exocytosis

Question 33

series of changes a cell undergoes from the time it forms until cell division occurs

Answer 33

cell cycle

Question 34

period of time before cell division occurs

Answer 34

interphase

Question 35

division of a somatic cell forming 2 genetically identical somatic cell

Answer 35

mitosis

Question 36

DNA packaged into identical paired bundles called chromatids

Answer 36

prophase

Question 37

chromosomes line up

Answer 37

metaphase

Question 38

chromatids dragged to opposite ends

Answer 38

anaphase

Question 39

new nucleus, chromosomes uncoil

Answer 39

telaphase

Question 40

division of the cytoplasm

Answer 40

cytokinesis

Question 41

cell death

Answer 41

apoptosis

Question 42

characteristics of cancer cells

Answer 42

1. hyperplasia 2. invasiveness 3. angiogenesis 4. metastasis

Question 43

uncontrolled cell growth

Answer 43

hyperplasia

Question 44

cells break through barriers in tissues

Answer 44

invasiveness

Question 45

cells induce the formation of blood vessels

Answer 45

angiogenesis

Question 46

cells spread to other tissues

Answer 46

metastasis

Question 47

disorganized mass from abnormal cell growth

Answer 47

tumor

Question 48

no tendency to spread

Answer 48

benign tumor

Question 49

a group of diseases resulting from runaway growth of body's own cells where the abnormal cells crowd out/destroy the healthy cells

Answer 49

cancer