Chapter 3 Flashcards
(20 cards)
The process of predicting how one would feel in response to future.
affective forecasting
To increase self-esteem by associating with others who are successful.
bask in reflected glory (BIRG)
An Eastern system of thought that accepts the coexistence of contradictory characteristics within a single person.
dialecticism
The defensive tendency to compare ourselves with others who are worse off than we are.
downward social comparison
The hypothesis that changes in facial expression can lead to corresponding changes in emotion.
facial feedback hypothesis
A nonconscious form of self-enhancement.
implicit egotism
The tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with reward or other extrinsic factors.
overjustification effect
A personality characteristic of individuals who are introspective, often attending to their own inner states.
private self-consciousness
A personality characteristic of individuals who focus on themselves as social objects, as seen by others.
public self-consciousness
The theory that self-focused attention leads people to notice self-discrepancies, thereby motivating either an escape from self-awareness or a change in behavior.
self-awareness theory
The sum total of an individual?s beliefs about his or her own personal attributes.
self-concept
An affective component of the self, consisting of a person?s positive and negative self-evaluations.
self-esteem
Behaviors designed to sabotage one?s own performance in order to provide a subsequent excuse for failure.
self-handicapping
The tendency to change behavior in response to the self-presentation concerns of the situation.
self-monitoring
The theory that when internal cues are difficult to interpret, people gain self-insight by observing their own behavior.
self-perception theory
Strategies people use to shape what others think of them.
self-presentation
A belief people hold about themselves that guides the processing of self-relevant information.
self-schema
The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
social comparison theory
The theory that humans cope with the fear of their own death by constructing worldviews that help to preserve their self-esteem.
Terror Management Theory
The theory that the experience of emotion is based on two factors: physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation of that arousal.
two-factor theory of emotion
