Chapter 3

Question 1

Who resolves conflicts between National and State government?

Answer 1

Supreme Court

Question 2

This case struck down the ability to arrest suspected illegal immigrants without warrant

Answer 2

Arizona vs US

Question 3

What makes up the federal system?

Answer 3

State and Local Government

Question 4

System in which the national gov and state gov share power and derive all authority from the people

Answer 4

Federal system

Question 5

National gov share power and derive all authority from the people; led to a weak government

Answer 5

Confederation

Question 6

Great Britain adapted this system in which the local and regional governments derive all authority from a strong national government

Answer 6

Unitary System

Question 7

Powers of the national gov. Specifically granted to Congress in Article 1, section 8

Answer 7

Enumerated powers

Question 8

The powers derived from enumerated powers and necessary and proper clause

Answer 8

Implied powers

Question 9

The constitution underscored the notion that the national gov is supreme in situations of conflict between state and national law

Answer 9

Article 6

Question 10

Entitles states to 2 senators and restrictions to the election

Answer 10

Article 1

Question 11

Require that each state appoint electors to vote for the president

Answer 11

Article 2

Question 12

Guarantees each state a “republican form of gov” meaning one that represents the citizens of the state

Answer 12

Article 4

Question 13

Final part of the Bill of Rights that defines the basic principle of American fed. In stating that the powers not delegated to the national gov are reserved to the states or to the people

Answer 13

10th Amendment

Question 14

Powers reserved to the states by the 10th Amendment that lie at the foundation of a state’s right to legislate for the public health and welfare for its citizens

Answer 14

Reserved powers

Question 15

Powers shared by the national and state gov

Answer 15

Concurrent Powers

Question 16

Denies some powers to both governments and prohibits the national gov. From granting titles of nobility

Answer 16

Article 1

Question 17

A law declaring an act illegal without judicial trial that neither gov. Are allowed to pass

Answer 17

Bill of Attainder

Question 18

Make an act unpublishable as a crime even if the action was illegal at the time it was committed

Answer 18

Ex Post Facto laws

Question 19

Ensure judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state (Article 4)

Answer 19

Full faith and credit clause

Question 20

Guarantees that the citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of all other states (Article 4)

Answer 20

Privileges and immunities clause

Question 21

Requires states to extradite, or return, criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial (Article 4)

Answer 21

Extradition Clause

Question 22

In Article 3, section 10,clause 3 of the constitution sets the legal foundation for interstate cooperation; contracts between states that carry the force of law

Answer 22

Interstate compacts

Question 23

States local gov do not have an inherent sovereignty and instead must be authorized by state gov. That can create and abolish them

Answer 23

Dillon’s rule

Question 24

Articulated by Judge John F Dillon

Answer 24

Dillon’s Rule

Question 25

A document that specifies the basic policies, procedures, and institutions of local gov; must be approved by state legislature

Answer 25

Charter

Question 26

Basic administrative units of local gov

Answer 26

Counties

Question 27

City gov greatest in response to the emergence of relatively densely populated areas

Answer 27

Municipalities

Question 28

Local gov restricted to a particular function

Answer 28

Special districts

Question 29

The Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank, using the supremacy clause

Answer 29

McCullough vs Maryland

Question 30

Gave congress the authority to levy and collect taxes

Answer 30

McCullough vs. Maryland

Question 31

Interstate commerce is an example of what?

Answer 31

Regulation

Question 32

Taking away power from the federal gov. And give it back to the states

Answer 32

Devolution

Question 33

The SC upheld broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce

Answer 33

Gibbons vs Ogden

Question 34

Paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive fed. Power

Answer 34

Gibbons vs. Ogden

Question 35

The SC ruled that the due process clause of the 5th amendment did not apply to the actions of the states

Answer 35

Barron vs. Baltimore

Question 36

Limited the bill of Rights to the actions of Congress alone

Answer 36

Barron vs Baltimore

Question 37

The belief that having desperate and equally powerful levels of gov is the best arrangement (layer cake)

Answer 37

Dual Federalism

Question 38

Right to declare void and federal law

Answer 38

Nullification

Question 39

Ability to succeed or withdraw if provision do not wish to be met

Answer 39

Nullification

Question 40

The SC concluded that the US congress lacked the constitutional authority to bar slavery in the territories

Answer 40

Dredd Scott vs Sandford

Question 41

Enhanced state power and became the framework of dual federalism

Answer 41

Dredd Scott vs Sandford

Question 42

Which acts allowed congress to establish itself as the supreme player in the national economy?

Answer 42

Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Antitrust Act

Question 43

Authorized Congress to enact national income tax

Answer 43

16th Amendment

Question 44

What event ended dual federalism?

Answer 44

Civil War

Question 45

Made senators directly elected by the people, removing their selection from state legislature

Answer 45

17th Amendment

Question 46

The intertwined relationship between the national, state, and local gov that began with the New Deal (marble cake)

Answer 46

Cooperative Federalism

Question 47

The name given to the program of "relief, reform, and recover begun by Roosevelt in 1933 to bring the US out of the Great Depression

Answer 47

New Deal

Question 48

Forced all level of gov to cooperate

Answer 48

New deal

Question 49

What are the purposes of grants?

Answer 49

1) Providing state and local gov w/ additional funds 2) Setting national standards 3) financially equalize Rich and poor states

Question 50

Grants for which Congress appropriated funds for specific purposes

Answer 50

Categorical grants

Question 51

Grant based on population

Answer 51

Categorical Grants

Question 52

Used to alter states' policy priorities or to coerce states to adopt particular policy objectives; mechanism coercion

Answer 52

Categorical grants

Question 53

Federal-State relationship proposed by Reagan administration during the 1980s and returned power to state gov

Answer 53

New Federalism

Question 54

Large grants given to a state by the fed gov with only general spending guidelines; education and health

Answer 54

Block grants

Question 55

Prevented Congress from passing costly fed programs without debate but difficult to enforce

Answer 55

Unfounded Mandate Reform Act of 1995

Question 56

Federal funds designated for special project within a state or congressional district

Answer 56

Programmatic Requests

Question 57

Immigration, redistricting, and health care and sided with national government

Answer 57

The Roberts Court

Question 58

Concept that allows the national government to override state or local actions in certain policy areas

Answer 58

Preemption

Question 59

Pragmatic approach to Federalism that views relations between national and state gov as both coercive and cooperative

Answer 59

Progressive Federalism

Question 60

Who influences the limits of national gov?

Answer 60

John Marshall

Question 61

Federalism also known as the devolution revolution

Answer 61

New Federalism

Question 62

Also known as Conflicted Federalism

Answer 62

Progressive Federalism

Question 63

concerned with "understanding which functions and instruments are best centralized and which are best placed in the sphere of decentralized levels of government"

Answer 63

Fiscal Federalism

Question 64

an amount of money given to a local government, an institution, or a particular scholar.

Answer 64

Grants-in-aid programs

Question 65

the distribution of a portion of federal tax revenues to state and local governments.

Answer 65

Revenue Sharing

Question 66

Stop guns being used on public campuses by using the commerce clause

Answer 66

Us vs. Lopez

Question 67

Stop recount

Answer 67

Bush vs Gore

Question 68

Cannot ban the ownership and sales of weapons

Answer 68

District of Colombia vs Heller

Question 69

Same sex marriage

Answer 69

Obergefell vs Hodges