Chapter 3 Flashcards
Personality
The overall profile or combination of stable psychological attributes that capture the nature of a person.
2 sources of personality
Heredity - genetic inheritance of characteristics that affect personality. (personality traits explain about 50% of the variance in career choice)
Environment - Culture, family, group membership, life experiences
Culture - individualism vs collectivism
Individualism – tendency for people to look after themselves and their immediate families.
Collectivism – tendency of individuals to emphasize their belonging to groups and to look after each other in exchange for loyalty.
Culture – low power distance vs high power distance
Low power distance – equality is valued. Hierarchy, titles, status and formality is of little importance. OK to bypass leaders to get the job done.
High power distance - follow instruction of leaders or insubordination, titles important, submission of lower employees to higher managers.
Culture - low uncertainty avoidance vs high uncertainty avoidance
Low uncertainty avoidance – strong tolerance for ambiguity, vagueness, and unplanned activities. (The road trip example)
High uncertainty avoidance – orderliness, consistency, structure, rules, laws.
Culture – long-term orientation vs short-term orientation
Long-term orientation – society value sustained commitments, perseverance, thrift.
Short term orientation – society rewards quick results, bottom line focus, risk-taking, adaptability.
Big 5 personality factors
Emotional stability – the degree to which you can control your emotions.
Extraversion – the degree to which you get your energy from other people
Agreeable – the degree to which you get along well with others.
Conscientiousness – the degree to which you consider other people.
Openness – the degree to which you are willing to consider new ideas.
Self-esteem
The extent to which an individual believes that he or she is worthwhile and deserving individual.
Locus of control
The degree to which individuals believe that they can control events affecting them.
Hi internal – their own behaviors and actions primarily,but not necessarily totally, determines many of the events in their lives.
High external - chance, fate or other individuals primarily determine what happens to them.
Emotional intelligence
Refers to how well an individual handles oneself and others rather than how smart or how capable of the individual.
High EQ – enables a leader to accurately assess their subordinates needs, analyze the situation and then suggest course of action.
Attitude
Relatively lasting feelings, thoughts and behaviors aimed at specific individuals, groups, ideas, and issues or objects.
