Chapter 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Define age-specific birth rate
the number of births in a given age group per 1000 women in that age group
Define allowance
an income supplement program for spouses of pensioners who receive only the old age security pension and have a combined income below a set amount
Define apocalyptic demography
the use of demographic facts (such as the aging of the population) to project the high cost of an aging population and predict that population aging will lead to economic and social crisis
What is the baby boom
the sharp rise in the fertility rate n Canada from about 1946 to the early 1960s (precise dates vary)
What is the baby bust
the sharp drop in the fertility rate from the mid 1960s on.
Define birth rate
the number of live births per 1000 women in a population
What are crude dependency rates?
are based solely on the number of people in each age group
define death rate
the number of deaths per 1000 people in a population
define demographic determinism
the assumption that population dynamics determine the future of social relations and social institutions (e.g., the amount of dependency of the hold on the young)
define demographic transition
occurs when a population changes from a high birth rate/high death rate condition to a low birth rate/low death rate condition.
what is the elderly dependency ratio?
the number of people age 65 and over divided by the population age 20 to 64
define fertility rate
“the average number of children that would be born alive to a woman during her lifetime if she were to pass through all her childbearing years conforming to the age specific fertility rates of a given year”
define guaranteed income supplement
an income supplement program for the poorest older people
define infant mortality rate
the death rate of children less than one year old
define least developed regions
consist of 49 countries with especially low incomes, high economic vulnerability, and poor human development indicators
define less developed regions
developing regions and countries are classified as less developed (i.e. China, India, Vietnam.)
define median age
half the population is older and half is younger than the median age
what are more developed regions?
following the UN classification, more developed countries comprise all of Europe and north America, plus Australia, japan, and new Zealand
what is the old age security pension
Canada’s basic retirement income program; it supplements the income of nearly all of the country’s older people
how is the overall dependency ratio (or rate) calculated?
the combined total number of people under age 19 and people aged 65 and over divided by the number of people aged 20 to 64
Define population aging
demographers, experts who study population change, use at least three measures of population aging: (1) the number of older people in a population, (2) the median age of a population, and (3) the proportion f older people in a population
Define prospective aging
allows demographers to compare populations with different sex[potencies and to compare one society at different points in time as life expectancy increases one measure of prospective aging uses a number of years of remaining life expectancy as the start of old age
How do you calculate the youth dependency ratio
the number of people age 0 to 19 divided by the population aged 20 to 64
