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DT > Chapter 3 (Ariana) > Flashcards

Chapter 3 (Ariana) Flashcards

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1
Q

What does a table in a database consist of?

A

A table consists of rows and columns, referred to as records and fields respectively.

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2
Q

What is a record in a database table?

A

A record is represented as a row in a table and consists of data items related to an object or person.

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3
Q

What is a field in a database table?

A

A field is part of a record that stores a single data item, represented by a column in a table.

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4
Q

What is the key field in a database table?

A

The key field (or primary key) is the field used to uniquely identify one record.

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5
Q

What is the purpose of queries in a database?

A

A query is a way of searching and extracting data from a database to find the answer to a question.

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6
Q

What are the three tools available in a database software package?

A

Queries, forms, and reports are three tools available in a database software package.

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7
Q

What is a flat file in the context of databases?

A

A flat file is a two-dimensional table where data is organized into files, rows, and columns.

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8
Q

What is the significance of CustomerID in the customer table?

A

CustomerID is the key field that uniquely identifies each customer in the table.

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9
Q

What is the key field in the customer table?

A

The key field is CustomerID; each customer has a unique ID.

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10
Q

What are the three tools available in a database software package?

A

Queries, forms, and reports.

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11
Q

What is a query in a database?

A

A query is a way of searching and extracting data from a database to find the answer to a question.

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12
Q

What does a query do?

A

The query/search checks each record and produces a list of data that satisfies the query criteria.

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13
Q

What is the purpose of forms in a database?

A

Forms are used to collect data from people, enter new records, modify existing records, or view records already stored in a table.

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14
Q

How does data entry through forms work?

A

When data is entered into a form, it is automatically added into the specified table and stored as part of the database.

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15
Q

What is an advantage of using forms for data entry?

A

Forms make it easier to enter data as one form may include fields from different tables.

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16
Q

How does the database software handle data entry through forms?

A

The database software ensures that the data is stored in the correct table.

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17
Q

What can a database designer control when using forms?

A

The designer can control the type and format of the data, ensuring consistency and accuracy.

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18
Q

Can forms be customized?

A

Yes, forms can be customized to include a logo and color.

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19
Q

What is the purpose of the form mentioned?

A

The form allows customers to enter events they would like to book, adding details to both customer and booking tables in the database.

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20
Q

What can a report do in relation to database tables?

A

A report presents tables and results from queries in a user-friendly way, with customizable layouts for visual appeal.

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21
Q

How can data be organized in a report?

A

Data can be grouped by similar data or sorted in ascending or descending order.

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22
Q

What is a macro in the context of databases?

A

A macro is a small program that performs repetitive database tasks automatically, adding functionality to forms and reports.

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23
Q

What tasks can macros perform?

A

Macros can add a new record, delete an old record, and automate other repetitive tasks.

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24
Q

What information is included in the customer record?

A

CustomerNumber, Surname, First Name, Date of Birth, Gender, Telephone Number, and Email.

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25
What details are included in the booking record?
BookingNumber, BookingDate, ActivityDate, Location, and Activity.
26
What types of activities are mentioned in the bookings?
Archery, Karting, Quad Biking, Horse Riding.
27
What is the significance of the booking dates?
Booking dates indicate when the bookings were made for various activities.
28
What is a macro in a database?
A macro is a small program written to perform a repetitive database task automatically.
29
What functionality do macros add to forms and reports?
Macros allow adding a new record, deleting an old record, or updating an existing record.
30
How does a macro simplify tasks in a database?
Instead of entering multiple instructions each time, the user only needs to perform a single operation, such as clicking a button.
31
What is a database relationship?
A relationship links together two tables in a database using a common field.
32
What is a foreign key?
A foreign key is the key field from one table stored in another table as a non-key field.
33
What are the types of relationships in a database?
The degree of relationship can be one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many.
34
What does 'enforce referential integrity' do?
It ensures that data entered is consistent in both tables and deletes linked records when a customer record is deleted.
35
Why are spreadsheets useful for importing data?
Spreadsheets allow easy manipulation and analysis of numerical data.
36
What advantage does a database package have over spreadsheets?
A database package can store several linked tables, making data consolidation and organization easier.
37
What is the first task mentioned for using a spreadsheet?
Import a spreadsheet saved in your documents into a database package.
38
What should you identify in the form and report?
Identify the features used in both the form and the report.
39
What is the purpose of researching macros on the internet?
To find different ways a macro could be used in a database.
40
What does referential integrity prevent?
It prevents the addition of a new record to the activity table that cannot be linked to a record in the customer table.
41
What is a data type in a database?
A data type defines the type of data associated with a field within the record structure.
42
What is a data type in a database?
A data type defines the type of data associated with a field in a database.
43
What is the use of the Text data type?
Text is used for text and data that is a mixture of text and numbers, such as a postcode.
44
What is the difference between Short text and Long text?
Short text is used for a small number of characters, while Long text is used for a large number of characters, such as a product description.
45
What does the Number data type represent?
Numbers that do not require calculations.
46
What is the Date/Time data type used for?
It is used for dates and times, for example, a date from a pop-up calendar.
47
What does the Currency data type represent?
Monetary data such as item price, including two decimal places.
48
What is Autonumber in a database?
A key field where the computer generates sequential numbers automatically for each new record created.
49
What values can the Yes/No data type hold?
It contains one of two possible values such as Yes/No or True/False.
50
What is an OLE object?
An OLE object is for object linking and embedding, such as a word-processed document or a spreadsheet.
51
What does the Hyperlink data type represent?
It is a link to a web address (URL) or an email address.
52
What is the purpose of the Attachment data type?
Files are attached to a record, for example, a digital image.
53
What does the Calculated data type do?
It provides the result of a calculation produced from another field in the record.
54
What is the Lookup wizard used for?
To create a list of values from which a value can be selected and entered into the field.
55
What is data validation?
Data validation checks data at the input stage to ensure it is reasonable, sensible, and within acceptable limits.
56
What happens when data does not conform to validation rules?
Data that does not conform is rejected, and an error message is displayed explaining the rejection.
57
What is a presence check?
A presence check ensures that data is present; the area cannot be left blank.
58
What is a presence check?
A presence check ensures that data is present; the area cannot be left blank. ## Footnote This type of check is mainly used when completing an online form.
59
What must be entered for the 'Town' field in a database?
'Town' must have a description entered for each customer. ## Footnote The presence check for 'Town' has 'Required' set to 'yes' and the validation rule states 'Is not Null'.
60
What does a length check ensure?
A length check ensures that data entered is the correct number of characters. ## Footnote For example, every CustomerNumber must contain six characters.
61
What is a type check?
A type check is used to ensure that the data entered is of the correct type. ## Footnote Data types include numeric, text, and date.
62
What does a format check ensure?
A format check ensures that data entered matches a predetermined pattern. ## Footnote For example, a postcode would have a pattern such as BTXX XXX.
63
What is a type check?
A type check is used to ensure that the data entered is of the correct type.
64
What are some examples of data types?
Examples of data types include numeric, text, and date.
65
What is a format check?
A format check ensures that data entered matches a predetermined pattern. ## Footnote For example, a postcode would have a pattern such as BTXX XXX.
66
What does a range check do?
A range check ensures that data entered is within a lower limit and upper limit.
67
What is an example of a range check?
In a group activity booking, the number of people must be between 2 and 15. ## Footnote The maximum size of a group is 15 people.
68
What are comparison operators?
Comparison operators allow comparing a value against other data in a database.
69
What does the comparison operator '<' indicate?
It indicates that the data entered must be less than a specified value.
70
What are logical operators?
Logical operators are used to analyze two values and return either a true or a false result.
71
What are Boolean operators?
Boolean operators are used when there are only two possible results (true/false or yes/no).
72
What are logical operators used for?
Logical operators are used to analyse two values and return either a true or a false result.
73
What are Boolean operators?
Boolean operators are operators that have only two possible results (true/false or yes/no).
74
What are examples of Boolean operators?
Examples of Boolean operators include AND, OR, and BETWEEN.
75
What is a database file or table?
A database file or table is a number of records.
76
What is the key field in a database?
The key field is the field that uniquely identifies a record.
77
What is a query in a database?
A query is a way of searching and extracting required data from the database.
78
What is the purpose of forms in a database?
Forms allow data to be collected and entered into a database.
79
What do reports do in a database?
Reports allow tables and results from queries to be presented in a user-friendly manner.
80
What are macros in a database?
Macros allow users to perform a single operation by clicking on a button that represents a set of instructions.
81
What is data validation?
Data validation checks that data is reasonable, sensible, and within acceptable limits.
82
What is the activity date condition in the example?
The activity date must be between the two values shown if the result is to be true. ## Footnote Example: Between +06.04/2015 and 405.04/2016.

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