Chapter 3: Cells Flashcards Preview

MED 110 > Chapter 3: Cells > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 3: Cells Deck (22)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The living substance that exists only in cells (living matter).

2
Q

Organelles

A

Cell organ “little organs”.

3
Q

Structural Parts (Three main parts of a cell)

A

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.

4
Q

Mitochondria

A

Power plant of the cell.

5
Q

Lysosomes

A

Membranous organelles containing various enzymes that can dissolve most cellular compounds (digestive bags).

6
Q

Flagellum

A

A single projection extending from the cell surface; the only example in humans is the “tail” of the male sperm.

7
Q

Nucleus

A

Spherical structure within a cell; a group of neuron cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord; central core of the atom, made up of protons and (sometimes) neutrons (controls reproduction of the cell).

8
Q

Passive Transport

A

Cellular process in which substances move through cellular membrane with their own energy (movement occurs from area of high pressure to area of low pressure).

9
Q

Active Transport

A

Movement of a substance into and out of a living cell requiring the use of cellular energy (movement of substances from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration).

10
Q

Diffusion

A

Spreading; for example, scattering or dissolved particles (also known as a part of “osmosis” process).

11
Q

Osmosis

A

Type of passive movement of water (only) through a semipermeable membrane.

12
Q

Filtration

A

Movement of water and solutes through a membrane by a higher hydrostatic pressure on one side.

13
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Ingestion and digestion of particles by a cell.

14
Q

Pinocytosis

A

The active transport mechanism used to transfer fluids or dissolved substances into cells.

15
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

Surrounds and serves as a boundary for cells.

16
Q

Cholesterol

A

Component of plasma membrane.

17
Q

Centrioles

A

Function during cell division.

18
Q

Ribosomes

A

Protein factories.

19
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Smooth and rough.

20
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Chemical processing and packaging center.

21
Q

ATP

A

Where the energy required for active transport processes is obtained from.

22
Q

Dialysis

A

Involves the movement of solutes across a selectively permeable membrane by the process of diffusion.