Chapter 3 glossary

Question 1

Arrector pili muscles

Answer 1

small muscle in the dermis that attaches to the hair follicle; contraction of the music causes hair to stand causing goosebumps

Question 2

barrier function

Answer 2

complex of lipids that keep the skin moist y preventing water evaporation and guards against irritants penetrating skin surface and to help regulate the skin’s pH

Question 3

broad-spectrum sunscreen

Answer 3

sunscreen product that protects from burning, skin cancer, and premature aging; protects against UVA and UVB rays

Question 4

collagen

Answer 4

fibrous, connective tissue made from proteins; gives skin form and strength

Question 5

dermal papillae

Answer 5

membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis

Question 6

dermatologist

Answer 6

dr who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

Question 7

dermatology

Answer 7

branch of medicine that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatments

Question 8

dermis

Answer 8

aka derma, corium cutis, or true skin; underlying or inner layer of the skin

Question 9

elastin

Answer 9

protein base similar o collagen that forms elastic tissue

Question 10

dermal/epidermal junction

Answer 10

top of the papillar layer where it joins the epidermis

Question 11

epidermis

Answer 11

outermost/thinnest layer; made of 5 layers: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum

Question 12

eumelanin

Answer 12

type of melanin that is dark brown to black in color; is the predominant pigment in black and brunette hair

Question 13

hair papillae

Answer 13

cone-shaped elevations @ the base of the follicle hat fit into the hair bulb; filled with tissue that contains blood vessels and the cells necessary for hair growth and follicle nourishment

Question 14

keratin

Answer 14

fibrous protein of cells that is also the principle component of skin, hair, and nails

Question 15

melanin

Answer 15

grains of pigment produced by melanocytes deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum of the epidermis and papillary layers of the dermis

Question 16

melanocytes

Answer 16

cells that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin

Question 17

motor nerve fibers

Answer 17

fibers of the motor nerves that are distributed too the arrector pili muscles attached to hair follicles; carry impulses from brain to the muscles

Question 18

papillary layer

Answer 18

outer layer of the dermis directly beneath the epidermis

Question 19

pheomelanin

Answer 19

type of melanin that is red to yellow in color; found in natural blonde to red shades of hair

Question 20

reticular layer

Answer 20

deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients

Question 21

sebaceous glands

Answer 21

aka oil glands connected to hair follicles; secrete sebum

Question 22

sebum

Answer 22

fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of hair

Question 23

secretory coil

Answer 23

coiled base of sudoriferous gland

Question 24

secretory nerve fibers

Answer 24

regulate the excretion of perspiration from the sweat glands and control the flow of sebum to the surface of the skin

Question 25

sensory nerve fibers

Answer 25

fibers of the sensory nerves that react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain

Question 26

stratum corneum

Answer 26

aka horny layer, outermost layer of the epidermis

Question 27

stratum germinativum

Answer 27

called basal cell layer; deepest live layer of the epidermis that produces skin cells and is responsible for growt

Question 28

stratum granulosum

Answer 28

aka granular layer; layer of the epidermis composed of cells filled with keratin that resemble granules

Question 29

stratum lucidum

Answer 29

clear,transparent layers of the epidermis under the stratum corneum

Question 30

stratum spinosum

Answer 30

aka spiny layer; layer of the epidermis just above the stratum germanativum

Question 31

subcutaneous layer

Answer 31

aka hypodermis or superficial fascia; consists of subcutaneous (fat) tissue located beneath the dermis

Question 32

subcutaneous layer

Answer 32

aka adipose or subcutis tissue; fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fats for energy, and acts as a protective cushion for the skin

Question 33

sudoriferous glands

Answer 33

aka sweat glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body be excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals

Question 34

sweat glands

Answer 34

aka sudiferous glands; detoxify body, excrete sweat and excrete excess salt and unwanted chemicals

Question 35

tactile corpuscles

Answer 35

small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to touch and pressure