Chapter 3- Materials And There Working Properties

Question 1

What is absorbency?

Answer 1

Tendency to attract or take in an element

Question 2

What is density?

Answer 2

The mass of material per unit of volume

Question 3

What is fusibility?

Answer 3

Ability of material to be converted through heat into liquid then mixed with another material

Question 4

What is electrical conductivity?

Answer 4

Ability to conduct electricity

Question 5

What is thermal conductivity?

Answer 5

Ability of material to conduct heat

Question 6

What is strength?

Answer 6

The ability of a material to withstand a force

Question 7

What is hardness?

Answer 7

Ability to resist abrasive wear

Question 8

What is toughness?

Answer 8

Ability to absorb energy / shock without fracturing

Question 9

What is malleability?

Answer 9

Ability to deform under compression without breaking

Question 10

What is ductility?

Answer 10

Ability to be stretched out into a thin strand without snapping

Question 11

What is elasticity?

Answer 11

Ability to return to it’s original shape after being compressed /stretched

Question 12

What are papers and boards made out of?

Answer 12

Wood pulp

Question 13

Bleed proof paper

Answer 13

Appearance- Coated white
Characteristics- stops solvent based markers staining through paper
Uses- For Marker pens

Question 14

Cartridge paper

Answer 14

Appearance- Thick white paper
Characteristics- Opaque
Uses- watercolour

Question 15

Grid paper

Answer 15

Appearance- white paper with printed grid/ isometric
Characteristics- faint lines often blue ink
Uses- Graphic, scientific + Mathematical diagrams

Question 16

Layout paper

Answer 16

Appearance- Off white, medium opacity sheet
Characteristics- semi-translucent
Uses- Creating sketches

Question 17

Tracing paper

Answer 17

Appearance- low opacity, off white paper
Characteristics- takes pencil + most colours
Uses- Copying and tracing images

Question 18

Corrugated Cardboard

Answer 18

Appearance- Natural brown board finished
Characteristics- Strong lightweight
Uses- Packaging, impact protection

Question 19

Duplex board

Answer 19

Appearance- 2 layers of card bonded together + off white
Characteristics- Lightweight
Uses- Donut box + Food+ Drink

Question 20

Foil lined board

Answer 20

Appearance- white card coated with tin foil on one side
Characteristics- water+ oil resistant
Uses- Takeaway containers

Question 21

Foam core board

Answer 21

Appearance- Smooth board, foam inner core
Characteristics- Can crack under pressure + rigid in all places
Uses- Model making

Question 22

Ink jet card

Answer 22

Appearance-Brilliant white
Characteristics- holds a high quality photo image
Uses- Photographic images

Question 23

Solid white board

Answer 23

Appearance- High quality card
Characteristics - holds colour well
Uses- Greeting cards

Question 24

Where is hardwood from?

Answer 24

Deciduous trees- drops it’s leaves in winter

Question 25

Where is softwood from?

Answer 25

Evergreen trees- keep their needled all year round

Question 26

What is felling?

Answer 26

A term used for cutting down trees

Question 27

What are the properties of hardwood?

Answer 27

- Have less porous and denser cell structure - Less prone to rotting - High value

Question 28

Ash

Answer 28

- Hardwood - Pale/brown - Flexible + Tough - Used for sports equipment

Question 29

Beech

Answer 29

- Hardwood - Close grain with pink hue - Fine finish - Used for children’s toys

Question 30

Mahogany

Answer 30

- Hardwood - Rich reddish brown - Durable + finishes well - Used for high end furniture

Question 31

Oak

Answer 31

- Hardwood - Light brown - Tough + Hard - Furniture

Question 32

Balsa

Answer 32

- Hardwood - Pale cream/ white - Very soft + Spongy - Used for prototyping

Question 33

What are the properties of softwood?

Answer 33

- More porous cell structure - Can absorb moisture + begin to ro - Easy to add stain

Question 34

Larch

Answer 34

- Softwood - Pale brown - Tough, durable + water resistant - Used for flooring

Question 35

Pine

Answer 35

- Softwood - Pale yellow - Lightweight + easy to work - Used for interior construction

Question 36

Spruce

Answer 36

- Softwood - White/cream - High stiffness to weight ratio - Used for furniture + musical instruments

Question 37

What are manufactured boards?

Answer 37

Sheets of processed timber waste combined with adhesives

Question 38

Medium density Fibreboard | MDF

Answer 38

- Manufactured board - Smooth dull - Rigid + stable - Used for flat pack furniture

Question 39

Plywood

Answer 39

- Manufactured board - Very stable in all directions - Used for furniture + shelving

Question 40

Chipboard

Answer 40

- Manufactured board - Pale grey/brown - Prone to chipping + good compressive strength - Used for kitchen units

Question 41

Where are metals found?

Answer 41

In an ore- type of rock that contains metals in small quantities

Question 42

What are ferrous metals?

Answer 42

That can rust

Question 43

What are non-ferrous metals?

Answer 43

They do not rust, but can oxidise

Question 44

Low carbon steel

Answer 44

- Ferrous metal - Bright grey + smooth texture - Tough + Ductile - Used for construction

Question 45

High carbon steel

Answer 45

- Ferrous metal - Smooth texture - Less ductile - Garden + workshop tools+ cutting tools

Question 46

Cast iron carbon

Answer 46

- Ferrous metal - Dull + Rough texture - Hard but brittle - Used for kitchen pots

Question 47

What is the thin oxide layer around a metal called?

Answer 47

Patina

Question 48

Aluminium

Answer 48

- Non-ferrous metal - Light grey + can be polished - High strength to weight ratio + lightweight - Used for pots + pans

Question 49

Copper

Answer 49

- Non- ferrous metal - Light reddish brown - Malleable + Ductile - Used for electrical cables

Question 50

Tin

Answer 50

- Non- ferrous metals - Silvery white - Soft + Good electrical conductor - Used for plating surfaces

Question 51

Zinc

Answer 51

- Non-ferrous metal - Silvery grey - Malleable + ductile - Used to galvanise steel

Question 52

What are alloys?

Answer 52

A mixture of at least one pure metal and another element

Question 53

Brass

Answer 53

- Alloy of copper + zinc - Yellowish gold - Used for musical instruments

Question 54

Stainless steel

Answer 54

- Alloy of low carbon + Chromium - Silver hue + resists rust - Hard + very smooth - Used for cutlery + medical equipment

Question 55

High speed steel

Answer 55

- Alloy of Carbon + cobalt - Can withstand high temp - Used for cutting tools: drills etc