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Abdomen > Chapter 3 Med Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Med Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

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2
Q

Arc/o

A

Extremities, top, extreme point

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3
Q

Acu/o

A

Sharp, severe, sudden

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4
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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5
Q

Adip/o

A

Fat

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6
Q

Amni/o

A

Amnion

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7
Q

Angi/o

A

Vessel

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8
Q

Arteri/o

A

Artery

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9
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joint

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10
Q

Axill/o

A

Armpit

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11
Q

Bi/o

A

Life

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12
Q

Blephar/o

A

Eyelid

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13
Q

Bronch/o

A

Bronchial tubes

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14
Q

Carcin/o

A

Cancer

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15
Q

Cardi/o

A

Heart

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16
Q

Chem/o

A

Drug, chemical

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17
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage

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18
Q

Chron/o

A

Time

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19
Q

Col/o

A

Colon (Large intestine)

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20
Q

Coccyg/o

A

Coccyx

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21
Q

Cyst/o

A

Urinary bladder

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22
Q

Encephal/o

A

Brain

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23
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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24
Q

Gon/o

A

Seed

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25
Q

Hem/o

A

Blood

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26
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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27
Q

Hydr/o

A

Water, fluid

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28
Q

Inguin/o

A

Groin

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29
Q

Isch/o

A

To hold back

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30
Q

Lapar/o

A

Abdomen, abdominal wall

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31
Q

Laryng/o

A

Larynx

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32
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

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33
Q

Lymph/o

A

Lymph

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34
Q

Mamm/o

A

Breast

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35
Q

Mast/o

A

Breast

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36
Q

Morph/o

A

Shape, form

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37
Q

Muc/o

A

Mucus

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38
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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39
Q

Myel/o

A

Spinal cord; Bone marrow

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40
Q

Narc/o

A

Stupor, to sleep

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41
Q

Necr/o

A

Death

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42
Q

Nephr/o

A

Kidney

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43
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerves

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44
Q

Neutr/o

A

Neutrophil

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45
Q

Nucle/o

A

Nucleus

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46
Q

Omphal/o

A

Umbilicus

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47
Q

Ophthalm/o

A

Eye

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48
Q

Opi/o

A

Opium

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49
Q

Oste/o

A

Bone

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50
Q

Ot/o

A

Ear

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51
Q

Path/o

A

Disease

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52
Q

Peritone/o

A

Peritoneum

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53
Q

Phag/o

A

To eat, swallow

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54
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx

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55
Q

Phalang/o

A

Phalanges (Finger or toe)

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56
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vein

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57
Q

Plas/o

A

Formation, development

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58
Q

Pleur/o

A

Pleura

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59
Q

Pneumon/o

A

Lungs

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60
Q

Pulmon/o

A

Lungs

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61
Q

Radi/o

A

X-rays

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62
Q

Rect/o

A

Rectum

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63
Q

Ren/o

A

Kidney

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64
Q

Rhin/o

A

Nose

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65
Q

Sarc/o

A

Flesh

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66
Q

Splen/o

A

Spleen

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67
Q

Staphyl/o

A

Clusters

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68
Q

Strept/o

A

Twisted chains

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69
Q

Thorac/o

A

Chest

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70
Q

Thromb/o

A

Clot

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71
Q

Tonsill/o

A

Tonsils

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72
Q

Trache/o

A

Trachea

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73
Q

Ven/o

A

Vein

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74
Q

Sac surrounding the embryo in uterus

A

Amnion

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75
Q

2 tubes, one right and one left, that branch from the trachea to enter the lungs

A

Bronchial tubes

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76
Q

Clear fluid that bathes tissues spaces and is contained in lymph vessels and nodes throughout the body

A

Lymph

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77
Q

Membrane surrounding the lungs, adjacent to the chest wall

A

Pleura

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78
Q

Tailbone

A

Coccyx

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79
Q

Voice box

A

Larynx

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80
Q

Throat

A

Pharynx

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81
Q

Tor or finger

A

Phalanx

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82
Q

Common chronic disorder that involves widespread pain in muscles and fibrous tissues around joints

A

Fibromyalgia

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83
Q

Commonly known as paracentesis;
Tube places through an incision in the abdomen and fluid is removed from the peritoneal cavity

A

Abdominocentesis

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84
Q

Pain in the chest wall muscles that is aggrevated by breathing

A

Pleurodynia

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85
Q

Excessive destruction of red blood cells can lead to this type of anemia

A

Hemolytic anemia

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86
Q

Normal breakdown of red blood cells

A

Hemolysis

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87
Q

Primary disease of the heart muscle in the absence of a known underlying etiology

A

Cardiomyopathy

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88
Q

Fear of heights

A

Acrophobia

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89
Q

Inherited disorder or can be result of a mutuation in specific gene

A

Achondroplasia

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90
Q

Interventional cardiologist opens a narrowed blood vessel (artery) using a balloon that is inflated after insertion into the vessel

A

Angioplasty

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91
Q

Deposits of fat collecting in an artery

A

Atherosclerosis

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92
Q

High-energy radiation is used to treat, not diagnose, illness

A

Radiotherapy

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93
Q

Cells increase in size, not number

A

Hypertrophy

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94
Q

Cells decrease in size

A

Atrophy

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95
Q

Under ultrasound guidance that physician inserts a needle through the uterine wall and amnion, into the amniotic cavity

A

Amniocentesis

96
Q

Inflammation of the tonsils

A

Tonsillitis

97
Q

Removal of the tonsils

A

Tonsillectomy

98
Q

Eyelid droops because of muscle weakness

A

Ptosis of the upper eyelid
Blepharoptosis

99
Q

Technologist who assits in making of diagnostic x-ray pictures

A

Radiographer

100
Q

Group of cancers that begins in bone marrow and results in high numbers of abnormal, immature white blood cells

A

Leukemia

101
Q

Membrane surrounding the heart

A

Pericardium

102
Q

Heart attack where the infraction results in ischemia

A

Myocardial infraction

103
Q

Area of dead tissue

A

Necrosis

104
Q

Lack of blood supply to that tissue

A

Ischemia

105
Q

Found in armpit and are important in breast cancer

A

Axillary lymph nodes

106
Q

Malignant tumor produced in the bone

A

Osteogenic sarcoma

107
Q

Describes disease that is of rapid onset and has severe symptoms and bried duration

A

Acute

108
Q

Membranes produce that sticky secretion called mucus

A

Mucous

109
Q

Carry oxygenated rich blood from heart to organs

A

Arteries

110
Q

Small arteries

A

Arterioles

111
Q

Smallest blood vessels

A

Capillaries

112
Q

Small veins

A

Venules

113
Q

Development of high blood pressure in hepatic veins and hemolytic blood diseases

A

Splenomegaly

114
Q

-algia

A

Pain

115
Q

-cele

A

Hernia

116
Q

-centesis

A

Puncture to remove fluid

117
Q

-coccus
-cocci

A

Berry-shape bacterium

118
Q

Singular suffix for berry-shaped bacterium

A

-coccus

119
Q

Plural suffix for berry-shaped bacterium

A

-cocci

120
Q

Plural of bacterium

A

Bacteria

121
Q

-cyte

A

Cell

122
Q

-dynia

A

Pain

123
Q

-ectomy

A

Removal, excision, resection

124
Q

-emia

A

Blood condition

125
Q

-genesis

A

Condition of producing, forming

126
Q

-gram

A

Record

127
Q

-graph

A

Instrument of recording

128
Q

-graphy

A

Inflammation

129
Q

-logy

A

Study of

130
Q

-lysis

A

Breakdown, destuction, separation

131
Q

-malacia

A

Softening

132
Q

-megaly

A

Enlargement

133
Q

-oma

A

Tumor, mass, or collection of fluid

134
Q

-opsy

A

To view

135
Q

-osis

A

Condition, usually abnormal

136
Q

-pathy

A

Disease condition

137
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency

138
Q

-phobia

A

Fear

139
Q

-plasia

A

Development, formation, growth

140
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repair

141
Q

-ptosis

A

Drooping, falling, prolapse

142
Q

-rrhea

A

Flow, discharge

143
Q

-sclerosis

A

Hardening

144
Q

-scope

A

Process of visual examination

145
Q

-stasis

A

Controlling, stopping

146
Q

-stomy

A

Opening to form a mouth

147
Q

-therapy

A

Treatment

148
Q

-tomy

A

Incision, cutting into

149
Q

-trophy

A

Development, nourishment

150
Q

-er

A

One, who

151
Q

-ia

A

Condition

152
Q

-ist

A

Specialist

153
Q

-oid

A

Resembing derviced from

154
Q

-ole

A

Little, small

155
Q

-ule

A

Little, small

156
Q

-um, -ium

A

Structures

157
Q

-us

A

Structure, substance

158
Q

-y

A

Condition, process

159
Q

-ac, -iac

A

Pertaining to

160
Q

-al

A

Pertaining to

161
Q

-ar

A

Pertaining to

162
Q

-ary

A

Pertaining to

163
Q

-eal

A

Pertaining to

164
Q

-genic

A

Pertaining to producing, produced by or in

165
Q

-ic, -ical

A

Pertaining to

166
Q

-ose

A

Pertaining to, full of

167
Q

-tic

A

Pertaining of

168
Q

Spleen is located in which quadrant

A

LUQ

169
Q

What is the spleen composed of

A

Lymph tissue and blood vessels

170
Q

What does the spleen do

A

Disposes dying red blood cells

171
Q

What type of cells does the spleen contain

A

White blood cells to fight disease

172
Q

If splenectomy is performed, the other organs will

A

Carry out its functions

173
Q

What are the 4 surgical repairs and where are the locations of these surgeries

A

Abdominoplasty - Abdomen
Mammoplasty - Breast
Blepharoplasty - Eyelid
Rhinoplasty - Nose

174
Q

Opioids are also known as ____.
Where does this drug derive from?

A

Narcotics
Opium poopy plant

175
Q

What are the types of opidois/narcotics

A

Heroin
Fentanyl
Oxycodone (Oxycontin)
Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
Codeine
Morphine

176
Q

How do opiods affect the brain?

A

Act on brain receptors to alleviate pain

177
Q

What is the name of the medication that helps treat opiod addictions?
What does it do for the body?

A

Buprenorphine
Reduces acute and chronic pain, minimizes withdrawal symptoms

178
Q

This is a medication it counter the effects of life-threating opioid

A

Narcan or Naloxone

179
Q

Breast cancer cells often spread to node

A

Axillary lymph nodes

180
Q

The first lymph node cancer is most likely to spread to

A

Sentinel axillary lymph node

181
Q

How is an axillary lymph node removed
When it is removed what happens after?

A

Removed dring mastectomy or lumpectomy
Tumor is biopsied to see if cancer has spread beyond the great

182
Q

Protrusion of an organ or muscular wall of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it

A

Hernia

183
Q

Occurs when the stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm

A

Hiatal Hernia

184
Q

Consequence of hitala hernia

A

Reflux gastric contents and acid into esophagus –> Esophagitis causes chest pain commonly mistaken for a heart attack (Heart burn)

185
Q

Occurs when part of the intestine protrudes downward into the groin region and commonly into the scrotal sac in the male

A

Inguinal hernia

186
Q

Occurs when part of the urinary bladder herniates through the vaginal wall as result of weak pelvic mucles

A

Cystocele

187
Q

What portion of the bladder is herniated in a cystocele

A

Portion of urinary bladder herniated posteriorly toward the vagina

188
Q

Protrusion of a portion of the rectum toward the vagina

A

Rectocele

189
Q

What portion of the rectum herniates in a rectocele

A

Portion of rectum herniates anteriorly toward the vagina

190
Q

Herniation of the intestines through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the navel occuring in infants at birth

A

Omphalocele

191
Q

Berry-shaped bacterium, grows in twisted chains

A

Streptococcus

192
Q

Streptococci causes what conditions
Other groups cause infections in the

A

Strep throat
Tonsillitis
Rheumatic
Fever
Certain kidney aliments
Infections in the teeth and within the sinuses of nose, face, and heart

193
Q

Berry-shaped bacteria that grows in large clusters like grapes

A

Staphylococci

194
Q

The lesions of staphylococci may be external in
Internal in?

A

E -Skin abscesses
Boils
Styes
I - Abscesses in bone and kidney

195
Q

Collection of pus, white blood cells, and protein that is present at the site of infection

A

Abscess

196
Q

Serious staphylococci condition that’s diffuclt to treat with antibiotics

A

MRSA

197
Q

MRSA can become an antibiotic ____ infection.
When MRSA bacteria develops it has the ability to?

A

Resistant infection
Ability to resist or defeat the drugs designed to kill them

198
Q

Berry-shaped bacteria organized in pairs

A

Diplococci

199
Q

Berry-shaped bacteria in the lungs

A

Pneumococci

200
Q

Berry-shaped bacteria seeds

A

Gonococci

201
Q

Pneumococci causes

A

Bacterial pneumonia and gonococci invade the repro organs and cause gonorrhea

202
Q

C. Difficile infection causes
Common in patients who
Can become resistant to

A

Inflammation of the colon and severe diarrheal disease
Take anitbiotics for long period of time
Antibiotics

203
Q

How do you treat C. Difficile Infection

A

Fecal transplant must be done to restore normal bacteria

204
Q

Red blood cells made in bone marrow

A

Erythrocytes

205
Q

Important protein in erythrocytes

A

Hemoglobin

206
Q

Carry oxygen from the lungs through the blood to all body cells

A

Erythrocytes

207
Q

Body cells carry oxygen to burn food and release energy, this process is called

A

Catabolism

208
Q

White blood cells

A

Leukocytes

209
Q

List the 5 different leukocytes

A

Granulocytes (3)
Polymorphonuclear (3)
Mononuclear (2)

210
Q

Contain dark-staining granules in their cytoplasm and have multilobed nucleus

A

Granulocytes

211
Q

Granulocytes are formed in the

A

Bone Marrow

212
Q

What are the 3 types of granulocytes

A

Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils

213
Q

Granules stain red, increased in number in allergic conditions such as asthma

A

Eosinophils

214
Q

About ___% of leukocytes are eosinophils

A

3%

215
Q

Granules stain blue, function of basophils is not clear, but the number of these cells increases in the healing phase of inflammation

A

Basophils

216
Q

Less than ___% of leukocytes are basophils

A

1%

217
Q

Granules stain pale purple, most important disease-fighting cells and the most numerous, engulfing and digesting bacteria like circulations, referred to as “polys” or polymorphonuclear

A

Neutrophils

218
Q

Have 1 large nucleus and only few granules in their cytoplasm

A

Mononuclear cells

219
Q

Where are mononuclear cells produced

A

Bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes

220
Q

What are the 2 types of mononuclear cells

A

Lymphocytes
Monocytes

221
Q

Fight disease by producing antibodies, destroying foreign cells, may attach directly to foreign cells and destory them

A

Lymphocytes

222
Q

2 types of lymphocytes

A

B & T cells

223
Q

___% of WBC are lymphocytes

A

32%

224
Q

Very large engulf and destroy cellular debris after neutrophils have attacked foreign cells

A

Monocytes

225
Q

Monocytes leave the blood stream and enter the ____ where they become ____

A

Enter tissues and become macrophages

226
Q

Large phagocytes

A

Macrophages

227
Q

Monocytes make up about __% of all leukocytes

A

4%

228
Q

3rd type of blood cell, tiny fragments of cells formed in bone marrow and are necessary of blood clotting

A

Thrombocytes/Platelets (Clotting cells)

229
Q

Acromegaly is what type of disorder

A

Endocrine disorder

230
Q

Occurs when the pituitary glands attached to the base of the brain, produces an excessive amount of growth hormone after the completion of puberty

A

Acromegaly

231
Q

In acromegaly there is an excess of ____ hormone and most often results from a ____ tumor of what gland

A

Growth hormone, results from a benign tumor of pituitary gland

232
Q

Result of overproduction of pituitary growth hormone beginning in childhood

A

Giantism

233
Q

Minimally invasive surgery, visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope

A

Laparoscopy

234
Q

Explain the process of a laparoscopy

A

Insert larparoscope through an incision in the abdomen near the navel –> Gas is infused into the peritoneal cavity to separate and prevent injury to abdominal structures during surgery

235
Q

Surgeons use laparoscopy to examine abdominal viscera for evidence of disease or for procedures such as

A

Removal of appendix, GB, Adrenal glands, spleen, and/or ovary
Resection of colon
Repair of hernias

236
Q

Incision into the trachea typically done to open it below a blockage

A

Tracheotomy

237
Q

Small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of the pharynx near the nose and nasal passageways

A

Adenoids

Abdomen (10 decks)

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