Chapter 3- Mineralogy

Question 1

What we call substances that are found naturally in the earth and have a crystalline structure?

Answer 1

Minerals

Question 2

The branch of geology that deals with the identification and classification of minerals is called what?

Answer 2

Mineralogy

Question 3

Name the smallest group of minerals that exist naturally in the earths crust as single elements

Answer 3

Native elements

Question 4

Which group consists of the compounds with the name of the elementfluorine chlorine bromine

Answer 4

The element halides

Question 5

The largest group of minerals is the what

Answer 5

Silicate

Question 6

What is the percent of the earths crust that includes the silicates?

Answer 6

90%

Question 7

What are geometric structures that are composed of atoms and molecules which are in an orderly arrangement

Answer 7

Crystals

Question 8

Crystals are known to have many flat surfaces called what

Answer 8

Faces

Question 9

What is the name of the line of powder that the mineral leaves on the porcelain

Answer 9

Streak

Question 10

What is the name of the porcelain that the mineral is scraped on

Answer 10

A streak plate

Question 11

What we call the characteristic of the mineral which is when light is reflected from the surface?

Answer 11

Luster

Question 12

How was hardness of mineral rated?

Answer 12

By using the Mohs scale

Question 13

What is the number that compares an objects density to the density of water?

Answer 13

Specific gravity

Question 14

Some minerals glow in certain colors while exposed to UV light and placed in the dark what do we call that?

Answer 14

Fluorescence

Question 15

While some minerals continue glow after a while after being exposed to UV light and then placed in the dark when we call that

Answer 15

Phosphorescence

Question 16

Any mineral that contains a valuable metallic element is called what

Answer 16

An ore

Question 17

What do we call the extracting of metals from the earth and preparing them for use

Answer 17

Metallurgy

Question 18

What is the most abundant metal in the earths crust

Answer 18

Aluminum

Question 19

Aluminum is Refined from which mineral

Answer 19

Bauxite

Question 20

What is the second most common metal in the earths crust

Answer 20

Iron

Question 21

What we call a metal mixture

Answer 21

And alloy

Question 22

Steel is an alloy of carbon and what

Answer 22

Iron

Question 23

What is an alloy made up of iron carbon and nickel or chromium

Answer 23

Stainless steel

Question 24

Name the reddish orange metal that’s a good conductor and easy to shape in electrical wiring

Answer 24

Copper

Question 25

What is the most reflective of all metals?

Answer 25

Silver

Question 26

What is a white gray metal more valuable than gold

Answer 26

Platinum

Question 27

Name the hardest naturally occurring substance

Answer 27

Diamond

Question 28

What is the primary ingredient of steel

Answer 28

Iron

Question 29

We Know brass is in alloy, What is an alloy up

Answer 29

Copper and zinc

Question 30

What we call Gold that is produced in bulk

Answer 30

Bullion

Question 31

What do we call the rarest most durable and most beautiful minerals?

Answer 31

Precious stones

Question 32

What is another name for green beryl

Answer 32

Emerald

Question 33

What is the name for a red corundum

Answer 33

Ruby

Question 34

Traces of iron oxide in barrel in a blue-green color can form a gemstone called

Answer 34

Aquamarine

Question 35

Which type of rock forms when magma solidifies

Answer 35

Igneous rock

Question 36

Name the most common igneous rock

Answer 36

Basalt

Question 37

What do we call a smooth glass like texture of rock that cools rapidly where no crystals form

Answer 37

Amorphous

Question 38

What is the best example of an amorphous rock

Answer 38

Obsidian/volcanic glass

Question 39

Name the type of rocks that are made of sand minerals organic materials That’s are all packed together

Answer 39

Sedimentary rock

Question 40

What other name of hard round structures that forms when minerals settle out of water and Crystallize around the sand grain with no other mineral fragment

Answer 40

Concretion

Question 41

A bed, a horizontal rock layer, a single layer of sedimentary rock which we call a what

Answer 41

Stratum

Question 42

What is the law that states that any undisturbed Strata that lies in the order that they were laid

Answer 42

Law of super position

Question 43

These sediments may be glued together by pressure Rock that’s made of fragments called what kind

Answer 43

Clastic sedimentary rocks

Question 44

What is the most abundant sedimentary rock?

Answer 44

Shale

Question 45

Name the rock that consists of smooth pebbles embedded in hard for Sandy Clay

Answer 45

Conglomerate

Question 46

Name A well known sediment Terry rock that needs to be at least 50% calcium carbonate before he could be called what rock

Answer 46

Limestone

Question 47

Chemical sediment may also form from the evaporation of water, these are called what

Answer 47

Evaporates

Question 48

Name the useful substance considered an organic sedimentary rock because it was probably made while vegetation was being buried in compacted in chemical change

Answer 48

Coal

Question 49

Because Coal is used for fuel and was once used from the remains of once living things it’s called a what kind of fuel

Answer 49

Fossil fuel

Question 50

In surface mining Minersville strip away the upper surface of the ground what is this called

Answer 50

The overburden

Question 51

Which type of underground mining uses a rotating drum that travels down along track

Answer 51

Longwall mining

Question 52

Name the type of rock formed when pre-existing rock is altered by heat or pressure

Answer 52

Metamorphic

Question 53

What do we call a change of one type of rock into a new type of rock

Answer 53

Metamorphism