Chapter 30

Question 1

What are four functions of circulatory systems?

Answer 1

1) Carry O2
2) Carry CO2
3) Carry nutrients
4) Carry waste

Question 2

What is the difference between an open circulatory system and a closed circulatory system?

Answer 2

Open Circ: Blood is not confined to vessles
Closed Circ: Blood is confined to vessles

Question 3

heart

Answer 3

its a pump

Question 4

ventricles

Answer 4

The pumping chamber that pumps blood out of the heart

Question 5

Atria

Answer 5

Recieves blood

Question 6

Arteries

Answer 6

carries blood away from the heart

Question 7

veins

Answer 7

returns blood to the heart

Question 8

Capillary beds

Answer 8

where the exchange of everything happens

Question 9

What is the path of blood from arteries to veins?

Answer 9

heart, ventricle, arteriole, capillary, venule, veins, back to heart

Question 10

What is the difference between a single circuit (or single circulation) and a double circuit (or double circulation)?

Answer 10

Single: uniderectional blood flow
double: blood passes through the heart twice

Question 11

What is the pulmonary circuit (or
pulmonary circulation) and systemic circuit (or systemic circulation)?

Answer 11

pulmonary: blood circulation between heart and Lungs
systemic: blood ciculation between heart and rest of the body

Question 12

draw the circuits

Question 13

What are four functions of blood?

Answer 13

1) carries O2
2) carries CO2
3) carries nutrients
4) carries waste

Question 14

What are the two major components of blood?

Answer 14

1) blood plasma
2) cellular elements

Question 15

What percentage of blood is plasma, and what percentage of blood is cellular?

Answer 15

plasma: 55%
cellular: 45%

Question 16

What are four constituents of plasma?

Answer 16

1) water
2) hormones
3) nutrients
4) gases

Question 17

What are the three cellular elements found in blood, and what is their general function?

Answer 17

red blood cells: carry gases
white blood cells: part of immune system
platelets: fragments of larger cells that acts as plugs (clotting)

Question 18

What are the four heart chambers found in mammals?

Answer 18

1) left atrium
2) left ventricle
3) right atrium
4) right ventricle

Question 19

What is the path of blood flow through the
pulmonary circuit from the right ventricle to the left atrium?

Answer 19

right ventricle, pulmonary thrunk, pulumonary artery, capillaries of the lung, pulumonry veins, left artium

Question 20

Atrioventricular AV valves

Answer 20

maintains blood moving in one direction only

Question 21

chordae tendineae

Answer 21

prevents backflow acts like a tether

Question 22

semilunar valves

Answer 22

prevents back flow

Question 23

aortic arch

Answer 23

where oxygen rich blood is

Question 24

superior/inferior vena cavae?

Answer 24

carry deoxygenated blood back to the right atrium of the heart.

Question 25

What is the function of the pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit in mammals?

Answer 25

PC: Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs SC: Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 26

What is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 26

Everything that happens when the heart pumps and relaxes

Question 27

What is the pathway of electrical signals from the SA node to the walls of the ventricles?

Answer 27

SA node, Atria. AV node, Bundle of his, bundle branches, purkinje fibers

Question 28

What is the difference between systole (systolic pressure) and diastole (diastolic pressure)?

Answer 28

Systole: pressure of contraction Diastole: pressure of relaxation

Question 29

In which vessels is blood pressure the highest and lowest?

Answer 29

Highest: Arteries lowest: veins

Question 30

In which vessels is blood velocity the highest and lowest?

Answer 30

Highest: Arteries Lowest: Capillaries

Question 31

In which vessel is the cross-sectional area the highest?

Answer 31

capillaries

Question 32

How are blood pressure and osmotic pressure related to the movement of materials into and out of capillaries?

Answer 32

when bp is greater than op material is forced out when bp is less than op material is forced in