Chapter 31 Synthesis od Fatty Acids, Triacylglycerols, and Membrane Lipids Flashcards
Acetyl-CoA is the result of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. What enzyme does the acetyl-CoA then acitvate?
pyruvate carboxylase which converts bicarbonate and pyruvate to OAA
In the pyruvate dehydrogenase complexwhat is the coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase, E1?
TPP
What is the first line of defense for H+ concentration regulation?
Weak acids and bases that neutralize H+ fluctuations. They can’t eliminate H+, only keep them out of trouble.
What is the second line of defense for H+ concentration regulation?
The respiratory system, which eliminates CO2, and therefore H2CO3
What is the third line of defense for H+ concentration regulation?
The kidneys, which eliminates excess acid and base through the urine. It acts musch more slowly than the first two line of defense, often taking days, but it is the most effective.
Which lines of defense keeps H+ concentration in check until the other can deal with larger H+ concentration issues?
They first and second lines of defense keep the H+ concentration in check until the kidneys can deal with the larger issues
If a strong base is added to the bicarbonate buffer system, what occurs?
- H2CO3 dissociates to release more H+
- CO2 binds to H2O to restore the H2CO3, which inhibits respiration and decreases rate of expiration
If a strong acid is added to the bicarbonate buffer system, what occurs?
- HCO3 binds to more H+ to form H2CO3
- CO2 is formed
- CO2 must be exhaled so respiration increases
In the body, what is regulates the increase of HCO3, which causes increases in pH?
Regulated by the kidneys because body is in metabolic alkalosis
In the body, what regulates an increase in the PaCO2 which causes a decreased in pH?
Regulated by respiration rate because body is in respiratory acidosis.
