chapter 32 part 2

Question 1

is shock absorbers of the knee and it lies on top of the tibia between the tibia and femur

Answer 1

meniscus

Question 2

how does a meniscus injury happen

Answer 2

from fixed-foot rotation in wt bearing w/ the knee flexed during sports

Question 3

s/s of meniscus injury

Answer 3

mild swelling

popping
slipping
catching
buckling

Question 4

how are meniscus injury Dx

Answer 4

by physical examination

MRI (is mainly used)

Question 5

how are meniscus injury repaired

Answer 5

by surgery arthroscopically

Question 6

attaches the soles, planters and gastrocnemius muscle to the calcaneus (heel)

Answer 6

achilles tendon

Question 7

people w arthritis and diabetes take antibiotics can predispose

Answer 7

the achilles tendon to rupture

Question 8

how can achilles rupture happen

Answer 8

jumping
pivoting
running
tennis or basketball

Question 9

s/s of achilles rupture

Answer 9

sudden pain at the back of the ankle or calf

pop or snap sound

depression can be felt or seen 2inches above the calcaneus (heel)

Question 10

w/ and achilles rupture where can depression be seen/felt

Answer 10

can be felt or seen 2 inches above the heel

Question 11

Other s/s of achilles rupture

Answer 11

inability to point the toes or stand not he tip-toe

pain
swelling
stiffness
bruising
weakness

Question 12

how are achilles rupture Dx

how should the pt be position

if the pt toes can not point____ then it indicate a ____

Answer 12

by examination and squeezing the calf muscle

while the pt is lying prone

the toes should be pointed downward
and if they can not do that it is most likely a achilles tendon injury

Question 13

treatment for achilles injuries

how long does recovery take

Answer 13

splinting
casting
surgery
recovery takes about 6 to 8 weeks

Question 14

is an inflammation of the bursae

the saclike structure that line freely movable joint

Answer 14

Bursitis

Question 15

how can a bursitis happen

what activity is an example of

Answer 15

occurs from injury or overuse and often appears when a person has engaged in an unaccustomed activity,

such as shoulder bursitis after digging up the garden plot in the spring.

Question 16

occurs from injury or overuse and often appears when a person has engaged in an unaccustomed activity,

Answer 16

is how can bursitis happen

Question 17

may occur in any heavily used joint, but it most commonly occurs in the elbow, shoulder, hip, or knee.

Answer 17

bursitis

Question 18

where can bursitis occur

Answer 18

in any heavily used joint

 most commonly occurs in the 
elbow,
shoulder, 
 hip,
 knee

Question 19

s/s of bursitis

Answer 19

localized tenderness
mild to moderate pain
swelling

Question 20

how are bursitis Dx

Answer 20

by history of injury and physical examination

Question 21

treatment for bursitis

Answer 21

R.I.C.E

Question 22

if the R.I.C.E treatment does not relive the symptoms what can you give

Answer 22

an injection of cortisones into the bursa

Question 23

most common foot problem

Answer 23

bunion

Question 24

painful swelling of the bursa that occurs when the great toe deviates laterally at the metatarsophalangeal joint

Answer 24

bunion

Question 25

more common in women than in men what can help reduce pain

Answer 25

bunion wearing open-toed shoes that are wider in the toe area metatarsal pad can relieve some pressure

Question 26

what type of injection can be given for bunion what needs to be done relieve discomfort

Answer 26

corticosteroids analgesic is given to relieve discomfort and bone realignment of the big toe and the removal of any bony overgrowth

Question 27

A nerve problem that occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist.

Answer 27

carpal tunnel

Question 28

carpal tunnel

Answer 28

A nerve problem that occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist.

Question 29

s/s of carpal tunnel how does it happen and when does it mainly occur

Answer 29

it produces pain, numbness, and tingling of the hand, repetitive movement of the hand and wrist constantly flexion of the wrist particularly at night.

Question 30

how do Dx carpal tunnel

Answer 30

by physical examination a compression test electromyography to rule out other s/s

Question 31

treatment for carpal tunnel if the s/s are long duration what can happen

Answer 31

rest, splinting, changing the angle of the wrist during movements. or steroids injection muscle atrophy

Question 32

if sensory loss in the finger and hand is progressive what is needed while dealing w/ carpal tunnel what do you have to asses for after surgery

Answer 32

surgery color & warmth of the the finger tip & capillary

Question 33

what should you tell the pt to avoid to do after surgery and how would you prevent edema

Answer 33

avoid heavy gripping and pinching for up to 6 weeks immobilized the wrist in a splint elevate the arm on a pillow

Question 34

A break or interruption in the continuity of a bone

Answer 34

fracture

Question 35

how do fracture occur

Answer 35

occur mostly from trauma but result from a pathologic progress in which bone has degenerated such as osteoporosis

Question 36

metabolic bone disorder that causes a decrease in bone mass

Answer 36

osteoporosis

Question 37

the mechanism of injury can help

Answer 37

provide clue about the type of fracture

Question 38

s/s of fracture

Answer 38

depend on what type of fracture how severe the pain is ``` swelling bleeding into the tissue tenderness deformity of the bone ecchymoses loss of function crepitation w/ any movement ```

Question 39

depend on what type of fracture how severe the pain is ``` swelling bleeding into the tissue tenderness deformity of the bone ecchymoses loss of function crepitation w/ any movement ```

Answer 39

s/s of fracture

Question 40

the emergency treatment and nursing care includes for a fracture

Answer 40

preventing shock and hemorrhage and immediately immobilization to prevent unnecessary damage