Chapter 3.3 / 3.4 Looking Inside The Brain: Rasearch Methods --- The Brain and Behavior Flashcards
(17 cards)
Electroencephalograph 98
Electroencephalograph— is a device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by means of recording electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp.
Lesioning 100
Lesioning — destroying part of the brain to influence its function.
Hindbrain 105
Hindbrain 105 — includes the cerebellum
and two structures found on the lower part of the brain stem: the
medulla and the
pons.
Contains part of the Reticular Formation 107.
Medulla 105
Medulla 105 —
Part of the Hind Brain 105
Structure:
Location: lower part of the brain stem. attached to the spinal cord
Function: in charge of largely unconscious but vital functions.
Tasks: ►circulation blood, ►breathing, ►maintaining muscle tone, and ►regulation reflexes such as -sneezing, -coughing, and -salivating.
Pons 105
Pons 105 —
Part of the Hind Brain 105
Structure: large and deeply folded structure
Location: Lower part of The brain stem,. adjacent to the back surface of The brain stem.
Function: Sleep and arousal
Tasks: coordination of movements, sense of equilibrium, Balance.
Forebrain 107
Forebrain 107 – Largest and most complex region of the brain. encompasses the
thalamus
hypothalamus
limbic system
cerebral cortex
Structure: huge part on top of brain
Location: the part that is not the hindbrain or the midbrain.
Hyppothalamus 107
Hypothalamus 107 –
Located in the Forebrain 107
Structure: about the size of a kidney bean
Location: lies beneath the thalamus in the middle of the brain.
Function:
Control the autonomic nervous system 96
vital link between the brain and the endocrine system.
regulation of basic biological drives such as:
The Four F’s:
Fighting, Fleeing Feeding and Mating -HA
Thirst, Hunger Temperature regualtion
Animals will press levers thousands of times per hour to stimulate this area of the brain.g
Limbic System 107
Limbic System 107 -- Located in the Forebrain 107 Loosely connected network of structures located roughly along the border between the cerebral cortex and deeper subcoritcal areas. Structure: Includes parts of the thalamus and hypothalamus the hypocampus amygdala and other sturctures. Function: regulates emotion memory motivation
Midbrain 107
Midbrain 107 –
Location: the region the between the hindbrain the the forebrain.
Structure: segment of the brianstem
Function: concerned with integrating sensory processes.
houses an important system of dopamine-releasing neurons involved in the performance of voluntary movements.
Houses part of the Reticular formation 107
Reticular Formation 107
Reticular Formation 107 -- Located in both the Hindbrain 105 and the Midbrain 107. Location: Runs along the central core of the brianstem. Functions: modulation of muscle reflexes pain perception breathing sleep arousal
Thalamus 107
Thalamus 107 –
Located in the forebrain 107
Location: center of the brain.
Fucntions: A way station where all sensory information, except smell, must pass.
Also plays a part in the integration of other senses.
Clusters of neurons sense sensory information to various structures in the brain.
Cerebral Cortex 109
Cerebral Cortex 109 –
Located in the Forebrain 105
Located in the cerebrum - the rest of the forebrain 105 that isn’t the hypothalamus 107 and the thalamus. 107
The wrinkly part of the brain
Location: the convoluted outer layer of the cerebrum 109
Structure: Folded and bent so that it has a large surface area. (1400cm²)
Function: contains the areas of the brain that are responsible for complex thought and processes.
Cerebral Hemispheres 109
Cerebral Hemispheres 109 –
Located in the Forebrain 105
Location: The halves of the cerebrum 109
Structure: separated in the center of the brain by a longitudinal fissure from the front to the back of the brain.
the fissure descends to a thick band of fibers called the corpus callosum 109.
Divided into 4 lobes: Frontal, Occipital, parietal lobe,and temporal lobe,
Corpus Callosum 109
Corpus Callosum 109 – The structure that connects the two Cerebral Hemispheres 109.
Location: just above the Thalamus 107 and Hypothalamus 107 between the Cerebral Hemispheres.
Structure: Thick back of nerve fibers.
Function:
Neurogenesis 111
Neurogenesis 111 – the formation of new neurons.
James Olds & Peter Milner 108
James Olds & Peter Milner 108 –
1954
acciderntally discovered that a rat would press a lever repeatedly to send brief bursts of electrical stimulation to a specific spot in its brain where an electrode was implanted. (discovered pleasure centers in the brain)
(probably in the hypothalamus.)
Cerebellum
Coordination. Balance. guides and organizes sensory information. (Proprioception)
